un-

un- ¹

pref.

1. Not: unhappy.

2. Opposite of; contrary to: unrest.

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[Middle English, from Old English; see ne in Indo-European roots.]

Usage Note: The negative prefix un- attaches chiefly to adjectives (unable, unclean, unequal, unripe, unsafe) and participles used as adjectives (unfeeling, unflinching, unfinished, unsaid), and less frequently to nouns (unbelief, unconcern, unrest). Sometimes the noun form of an adjective with the un- prefix has the prefix in-, as in inability, inequality, injustice, and instability. A few stems appear with both prefixes with distinctions of meaning. Inhuman means "brutal, monstrous," while unhuman means "not of human form, superhuman." · When used with adjectives, un- often has a sense distinct from that of non-. Non- picks out the set of things that are not in the category denoted by the stem to which it is attached, whereas un- picks out properties unlike those of the typical examples of the category. Thus nonmilitary personnel are those who are not members of the military, whereas someone who is unmilitary is unlike a typical soldier in dress, habits, or attitudes.

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un- ²

pref.

1. To reverse or undo the result of a specified action: unbind.

2.

a. To deprive of or remove a specified thing: unfrock.

b. To release, free, or remove from: unyoke.

3. Used as an intensive: unloose.

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[Middle English, from Old English on-, alteration (influenced by un-, not) of ond-, and-, an-, against, opposing; see ant- in Indo-European roots.]

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un-¹

prefix

(freely used with adjectives, participles, and their derivative adverbs and nouns: less frequently used with certain other nouns) not; contrary to; opposite of uncertain uncomplaining unemotionally untidiness unbelief unrest untruth

[from Old English on-, un-; related to Gothic on-, German un-, Latin in-]

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un-²

prefix forming verbs

1. denoting reversal of an action or state uncover untangle

2. denoting removal from, release, or deprivation unharness unman unthrone

3. (intensifier) unloose

[from Old English un-, on-; related to Gothic and-, German ent-, Latin ante]

Translations

un-

pref (before adj, adv) → un-, nicht; (before n) → Un-