under

un·der  (ndr)

prep.

1.

a. In a lower position or place than: a rug under a chair.

b. To or into a lower position or place than: rolled the ball under the couch.

2. Beneath the surface of: under the ground; swam under water.

3. Beneath the assumed surface or guise of: traveled under a false name.

4. Less than; smaller than: The jar's capacity is under three quarts.

5. Less than the required amount or degree of: under voting age.

6. Inferior to in status or rank: nine officers under me at headquarters.

7. Subject to the authority, rule, or control of: under a dictatorship.

8. Subject to the supervision, instruction, or influence of: under parental guidance.

9. Undergoing or receiving the effects of: under constant care.

10. Subject to the restraint or obligation of: under contract.

11. Within the group or classification of: listed under biology.

12. In the process of: under discussion.

13. In view of; because of: under these conditions.

14. With the authorization of: under the monarch's seal.

15. Sowed or planted with: an acre under oats.

16. Nautical Powered or propelled by: under sail; under steam.

17. During the time conventionally assigned to (a sign of the zodiac): born under Aries.

adv.

1. In or into a place below or beneath: struggled in the water but then slipped under.

2. In or into a subordinate or inferior condition or position.

3. So as to be covered or enveloped.

4. So as to be less than the required amount or degree.

adj.

1. Located or situated on a lower level or beneath something else: the under parts of a machine.

2. Lower in rank, power, or authority; subordinate.

3. Less than is required or customary: an under dose of medication.

Idiom:

out from under Informal

Having gotten free of worries or difficulties: Credit counseling helped us get out from under.

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[Middle English, from Old English; see dher- in Indo-European roots.]

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under [ˈʌndə]

prep

1. directly below; on, to, or beneath the underside or base of under one's feet

2. less than under forty years

3. lower in rank than under a corporal

4. subject to the supervision, jurisdiction, control, or influence of

5. subject to (conditions); in (certain circumstances)

6. within a classification of a book under theology

7. known by under an assumed name

8. (Life Sciences & Allied Applications / Agriculture) planted with a field under corn

9. powered by under sail

10. (Spirituality, New Age, Astrology & Self-help / Astrology) Astrology during the period that the sun is in (a sign of the zodiac) born under Aries

adv

below; to a position underneath something

[Old English; related to Old Saxon, Gothic undar, Old High German untar, Old Norse undir, Latin infra]

Thesaurus

Adj.	1.	under - located below or beneath something else; "nether garments"; "the under parts of a machine" nether low - literal meanings; being at or having a relatively small elevation or upward extension; "low ceilings"; "low clouds"; "low hills"; "the sun is low"; "low furniture"; "a low bow"
	2.	under - lower in rank, power, or authority; "an under secretary" subordinate, low-level - lower in rank or importance
Adv.	1.	under - down to defeat, death, or ruin; "their competitors went under"
	2.	under - through a range downward; "children six and under will be admitted free"
	3.	under - into unconsciousness; "this will put the patient under"
	4.	under - in or into a state of subordination or subjugation; "we must keep our disappointment under"
	5.	under - below some quantity or limit; "fifty dollars or under"
	6.	under - below the horizon; "the sun went under"
	7.	under - down below; "get under quickly!"
	8.	under - further down; "see under for further discussion" below

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under

preposition

1. below, beneath, underneath, on the bottom of A path runs under the trees.
below up, over, above, upward

2. subject to, liable to, controlled by, bound by, under the control of, at the mercy of, constrained by I'm rarely under pressure at work.

3. subordinate to, subject to, reporting to, directed by, governed by, inferior to, secondary to, subservient to, junior to I am the new manager and you will be working under me.

4. included in, belonging to, subsumed under, comprised in under section 4 of the Family Law Reform Act

5. less than, below, not as much as jobs for those under 65

6. undergoing, receiving, in the process of the Channel tunnel now under construction

adverb

below, down, beneath, downward, to the bottom A hand came from behind and pushed his head under.
below up, over, above, upward

Related words
prefix sub-

Translations

under [ˈʌndəʳ]

A. ADV

1. (= beneath) (position) → debajo; (direction) → abajo
he stayed under for three minutes (= underwater) → estuvo sumergido durante tres minutos
he lifted the rope and crawled under → levantó la cuerda y se deslizó por debajo

2. (= under anaesthetic) he's been under for three hours → lleva tres horas bajo los efectos de la anestesia

3. (= less) → menos
children of 15 and under → niños mpl de 15 años y menores
ten degrees under → diez grados bajo cero

B. PREP

1. (= beneath) → debajo de
under the bed → debajo de la cama
under the microscope → bajo el microscopio
under the sky → bajo el cielo
under the water → bajo el agua
the train passed under the bridge → el tren pasó por debajo del puente
the tunnel goes under the Channel → el túnel pasa por debajo del Canal
under there → ahí debajo
what's under there? → ¿qué hay ahí debajo?

2. (= less than) → menos de
under 20 people → menos de 20 personas
in under a minute → en menos de un minuto
any number under 90 → cualquier número inferior a 90
aged under 21 → que tiene menos de 21 años
children under ten → niños menores de diez años
it sells at under £20 → se vende a menos de 20 libras

3. (= subject to) → bajo
under this government/the Romans → bajo este gobierno/los romanos
under Ferdinand VII → bajo Fernando VII, durante el reinado de Fernando VII
he has 30 workers under him → tiene 30 obreros a su cargo
to study under sb → estudiar con algn, tener a algn por profesor
under the command of → bajo el mando de
under construction → bajo construcción, en obras
under lock and key → bajo llave
under oath → bajo juramento
under pain/the pretext of → so pena/pretexto de
under full sail → a todo trapo, a vela llena

4. (with names) under a false name → con nombre falso
you'll find him under "plumbers" in the phone book → lo encontrarás en la sección de "fontaneros" en el listín

5. (= according to, by) → de acuerdo con, según
under Article 25 of the Code → conforme al Artículo 25 del Código
his rights under the contract → sus derechos según el contrato

6. (Agr) the field is under wheat → el campo está sembrado de trigo

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under [ˈʌndə^r]

prep

(= beneath) → sous
The cat's under the table → Le chat est sous la table.
The tunnel goes under the Channel → Le tunnel passe sous la Manche.
He'd been held under water and drowned → On l'a maintenu sous l'eau et noyé.
under there → là-dessous
What's under there? → Qu'est-ce qu'il y a là-dessous?
from under sth → de sous qch
The children crawled out from under the table → Les enfants sortirent en rampant de sous la table.

(= less than) → moins de
He finished in under 2 hours → Il a fini en moins de 2 heures.
There were under 20 people → Il y avait moins de vingt personnes.
Expenditure was just under 15 million pounds → Les dépenses étaient juste sous la barre des 15 millions de livres., Les dépenses étaient très légèrement inférieures à 15 millions de livres.

(= younger than) → moins de
He's still under 18 → Il a encore moins de 18 ans.
children under 10 → les enfants de moins de dix ans

(= according to) → selon, en vertu de
Equal pay for men and women is guaranteed under English law → L'égalité des salaires entre hommes et femmes est garantie en vertu des lois britanniques.

(in a particular state or condition) under anaesthetic → sous anesthésie
under discussion → en discussion
under repair → en réparation
under the circumstances → étant donné les circonstances

(= controlled, governed, managed by) to work under sb → travailler sous les ordres de qn
to study under sb → étudier avec qn
China under Chairman Mao → La Chine sous le président Mao

(using a particular name) → sous
The patient was registered under a false name → Le patient était inscrit sous un faux nom.
under the name of → sous le nom de
Some of her books were published under the name Amanda Fairchild → Certains de ses livres ont été publiés sous le nom d'Amanda Fairchild.

(found in particular section of book, list, system) → sous
It's filed under C → C'est répertorié sous C.

adv

(= beneath) → dessous
We lifted the wire and crawled under → Nous avons soulevé le fil de fer et rampé dessous.
Somebody pushed him under → Quelqu'un l'a poussé dessous.

(= less) → moins
gifts for £5 and under → des cadeaux pour 5 livres et moins

(= younger) → moins
children aged 12 and under → les enfants âgés de 12 et moins, les enfants âgés de 12 ou moins

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under

prep

(= beneath, place) → unter (+dat); (direction) → unter (+acc); under it → darunter; to come out from under the bed → unter dem Bett hervorkommen; it’s under there → es ist da drunter (inf); they held his head under the water → sie hielten seinen Kopf unter Wasser; under barley → mit Gerste bebaut

(= less than) → unter (+dat); it took under an hour → es dauerte weniger als eine Stunde; there were under 50 of them → es waren weniger als 50, es waren unter 50

(= subordinate to, under influence of etc) → unter (+dat); he had 50 men under him → er hatte 50 Männer unter sich; to study under somebody → bei jdm studieren; who were you under? (Univ) → bei wem haben Sie studiert?; (Mil) → unter wem haben Sie gedient?; he was born under Virgo (Astrol) → er wurde im Zeichen der Jungfrau geboren; he died under the anaesthetic (Brit) or anesthetic (US) → er starb in der Narkose; you’re under a misapprehension → Sie befinden sich im Irrtum; under construction → im Bau; the matter under discussion → der Diskussionsgegenstand; to be under treatment (Med) → in Behandlung sein; to be under the doctor → in (ärztlicher) Behandlung sein; which doctor are you under? → bei welchem Arzt sind Sie?; it’s classified under history → es ist unter „Geschichte“ eingeordnet; you’ll find the number under “garages” → Sie finden die Nummer unter „Werkstätten“; under sentence of death → zum Tode verurteilt; under penalty of death → unter Androhung der Todesstrafe; under an assumed name → unter falschem Namen; the house is under threat of demolition → das Haus ist vom Abbruch bedroht

(= according to) → nach (+dat), → gemäß (+dat), → laut (+dat); under his will → in seinem Testament; under the terms of the contract → nach or gemäß den Vertragsbedingungen

adv

(= beneath) → unten; (= unconscious) → bewusstlos; he came to the fence and crawled under → er kam zum Zaun und kroch darunter durch; to go under → untergehen; to get out from under (fig inf) → wieder Licht sehen (inf)

(= less) → darunter

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under:

underachieve

vi → hinter den Erwartungen zurückbleiben

underachievement

n → schwache or enttäuschende Leistungen pl

underachiever

n Johnny is an under → Johnnys Leistungen bleiben hinter den Erwartungen zurück

underact

vti → betont zurückhaltend spielen; (pej) → schwach spielen

underage

adj attr → minderjährig

underappreciation

n m → Unterschätzung f, → zu geringes Verständnis

underarm

adj

→ Unterarm-; under hair → Unterarmbehaarung f; under deodorant → Achselhöhlen-Deodorant nt

throw → von unten; under serve (Tennis) → Aufschlag m → von unten

adv throw, serve → von unten

underbelly

n (Zool, fig, of plane) → Bauch m; the soft under of Europe/democracy → die Achillesferse Europas/der Demokratie

underbid pret, ptp <underbid>

vt (Comm) → unterbieten

vi (Cards) → nicht hoch genug reizen

underbody

n (of vehicle) → Unterboden m

underbrush

n = undergrowth

underbuy pret, ptp <underbought>

vi → zu wenig kaufen

undercapitalized

adj (Fin) → unterkapitalisiert

undercarriage

n (Aviat) → Fahrwerk nt, → Fahrgestell nt

undercharge

vi → zu wenig berechnen

vt to under somebody → jdm zu wenig berechnen; he underd me by 50p → er berechnete mir 50 Pence zu wenig

underclass

n → Unterklasse f

underclothes

pl, underclothing

n → Unterwäsche f

undercoat

n (= paint) → Grundierfarbe f; (= coat) → Grundierung f; (US Aut) → Unterbodenschutz m

undercook

vt → nicht durchgaren; (accidentally also) → nicht lange genug kochen

undercover

adj → geheim; under agent → Geheimagent(in) m(f); (= investigator) → verdeckter Ermittler, verdeckte Ermittlerin; he did under work for the police → er arbeitete für die Polizei als verdeckter Ermittler

adv to work under → undercover arbeiten; (with police) → als verdeckter Ermittler/verdeckte Ermittlerin arbeiten

undercroft

n (Archit) → unterirdisches Gewölbe f, → Gruft f; (of church) → Krypta f

undercurrent

n (lit, fig) → Unterströmung f; (in speech, attitude) → Unterton m

undercut pret, ptp <undercut>

vt competitor, fare → (im Preis) unterbieten; (fig) efforts etc → untergraben

underdeveloped

adj → unterentwickelt; resources → ungenutzt

underdog

n (in society) → Schwächere(r) mf, → Benachteiligte(r) mf, → Underdog m; (in game also) → sicherer Verlierer, sichere Verliererin

underdone

adj → nicht gar; (deliberately) steak → nicht durchgebraten

underdressed

adj to be under (= too lightly) → zu leicht angezogen sein; (= not formally enough) → zu einfach angezogen sein

underemphasize

vt → nicht genügend or nicht ausreichend betonen; I don’t want to under her role → ich möchte ihre Rolle nicht herunterspielen; to deliberately under something → etw bewusst herunterspielen

underemployed

adj → nicht ausgelastet; person also → unterbeschäftigt; plant, equipment also → nicht voll (aus)genutzt

underemployment

n → Unterbeschäftigung f; (of person, plant also) → mangelnde Auslastung; (of abilities, plant also) → mangelnde Ausnutzung

underestimate

vt → unterschätzen

n → Unterschätzung f

underestimation

n → Unterschätzung f

underexpose

vt (Phot) → unterbelichten

underexposed

adj (Phot) → unterbelichtet

underexposure

n (Phot) → Unterbelichtung f; (fig) → Mangel m → an Publizität

underfed

adj → unterernährt

underfeed pret, ptp <underfed>

vt → zu wenig zu essen geben (+dat); animals → zu wenig füttern

underfeeding

n (of animals) → Unterernährung f

underfelt

n → Filzunterlage f

underfinanced

adj → unterfinanziert

underfloor heating

n → Fußbodenheizung f

underfoot

adv → am Boden; it is wet under → der Boden ist nass; to trample somebody/something under (lit, fig) → auf jdm/etw herumtrampeln

underfund

vt → unterfinanzieren

underfunded

adj → unterfinanziert

underfunding

n → Unterfinanzierung f

undergarment

n → Unterkleid nt; unders → Unterkleidung f

undergo pret <underwent>, ptp <undergone>

vt suffering → durchmachen, mitmachen; process → durchmachen, durchlaufen; training → mitmachen; change also → erleben; test, treatment, operation → sich unterziehen (+dat); (machine) test → unterzogen werden (+dat); to under repairs → in Reparatur sein

undergrad (inf), undergraduate

n → Student(in) m(f)

attr class, course → für nichtgraduierte or nicht graduierte Studenten; underuate student → Student(in) m(f)

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under:

undergrowth

n → Gestrüpp nt, → Gebüsch nt; (under trees) → Unterholz nt

underhand

adj

(= sly) → hinterhältig

(Sport) = underarm

underhanded

adj = underhand a

underhandedly

adv → hinterhältigerweise

underhung

adj jaw → vorgeschoben; meat → ungenügend or nicht genug abgehangen

underinsured

adj → unterversichert

underinvestment

n → mangelnde or unzureichende Investitionen pl; industry is suffering from under → die Industrie leidet unter Investitionsmangel

underlay

n (Brit) → Unterlage f

underlie pret <underlay>, ptp <underlain>

vt (lit) → liegen unter (+dat); (fig: = be basis for or cause of) → zugrunde or zu Grunde liegen (+dat)

underline

vt (lit, fig) → unterstreichen

n (Typ) → Unterstrich m, → tiefgestellter Bindestrich

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under:

underlining

n → Unterstreichung f; with red under → rot unterstrichen; why all this under? → warum ist so viel unterstrichen?

underlying

adj

soil, rocks → tiefer liegend

cause → eigentlich; (= deeper) → tiefer; problem, message, theme → zugrunde or zu Grunde liegend; honesty, strength → grundlegend; tension → unterschwellig; the under cause of all this → was all dem zugrunde or zu Grunde liegt; a certain under sense of tragedy → eine gewisse unterschwellige Tragik

(Econ) under rate of inflation → Basis-Inflationsrate f

undermanned

adj → unterbesetzt

undermanning

n → Personalmangel m, → Personalknappheit f; (deliberate) → Unterbesetzung f; (Mil, of police force etc) → Unterbemannung f

undermentioned

adj → unten genannt, unten erwähnt

undermine

vt

(= tunnel under) → unterhöhlen; (Mil) → unterminieren; (= weaken) → schwächen; (sea) cliffs → unterspülen, unterhöhlen

(fig: = weaken) → unterminieren, untergraben; health → angreifen

undermost

adj → unterste(r, s)

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under:

undernourished

adj → unterernährt

undernourishment

n → Unterernährung f

underoccupied

adj hostel, hospital etc → unterbelegt

underpaid

adj → unterbezahlt

underpants

pl → Unterhose(n) f(pl); a pair of under → eine Unterhose, ein Paar nt → Unterhosen

underpart

n → Unterteil nt

underpass

n → Unterführung f

underpay pret, ptp <underpaid>

vt → unterbezahlen

underpayment

n → zu geringe Bezahlung, Unterbezahlung f; because of under of tax … → weil zu wenig Steuer gezahlt wurde …; there was an under of £5 in your salary → Sie bekamen £ 5 zu wenig Gehalt ausbezahlt

underpin

vt (Archit) wall, building → untermauern; (fig) argument, claim → untermauern; economy, market, shares etc → (ab)stützen

underpinning

n (Archit) → Untermauerung f

underplay

vt

(Cards) hand → nicht voll ausspielen; to under one’s hand (fig) → nicht alle Trümpfe ausspielen

(Theat) role → zurückhaltend spielen

significance, role, extent → herunterspielen

underplot

n (of novel etc) → Nebenhandlung f

underpopulated

adj → unterbevölkert

underprice

vt → zu billig or unter Preis anbieten; to be underd → zu billig gehandelt werden; at £10 it is underd → mit £ 10 ist es zu billig

underpricing

n → Festlegung f → zu niedriger Preise

underprivileged

adj → unterprivilegiert

n the under pl → die Unterprivilegierten pl

underproduce

vi → zu wenig produzieren

underproduction

n → Unterproduktion f

underproof

adj spirits → unterprozentig

underqualified

adj → unterqualifiziert

underrate

vt (= underestimate) danger, chance, opponent, person → unterschätzen; (= undervalue) qualities → unterbewerten

underrated

adj → unterschätzt; he is probably the most under songwriter in the business → er ist vielleicht der am meisten unterschätzte Songwriter der ganzen Branche

underrepresented

adj → unterrepräsentiert

underripe

adj fruit → unreif; slightly under → (noch) nicht ganz reif

underscore

vt, n = underline

undersea

adj → Unterwasser-; under explorer → Unterwasserforscher(in) m(f)

underseal (Brit Aut)

n → Unterbodenschutz m

vt → mit Unterbodenschutz versehen; is it undered? → hat es Unterbodenschutz?; I must have my car undered → ich muss Unterbodenschutz machen lassen

underseas

adj → Unterwasser-, untermeerisch

undersecretary (Brit)

n

(also Parliamentary Undersecretary) → (parlamentarischer) Staatssekretär

Permanent Undersecretary → Ständiger Unterstaatssekretär

undersell pret, ptp <undersold>

vt

competitor → unterbieten; (= sell at lower price) goods → unter Preis verkaufen, verschleudern

(= not publicize) → nicht gut verkaufen; (as advertising technique) → nicht anpreisen; he tends to under himself/his ideas → er kann sich/seine Ideen normalerweise nicht verkaufen

undersexed

adj to be under → einen unterentwickelten Geschlechtstrieb haben (form), → nicht viel für Sex übrighaben; he’s not exactly under → er ist der reinste Lustmolch (inf)

undershirt

n (US) → Unterhemd nt

undershoot pret, ptp <undershot>

vi (Aviat, missile) → zu früh landen

vt to under the runway → vor der Landebahn aufsetzen; to under the target → das Ziel nicht erreichen

undershorts

pl (US) → Unterhose(n) f(pl)

underside

n → Unterseite f

undersign

vti → unterschreiben, unterzeichnen

undersigned

adj (form) → unterzeichnet

n we the under → wir, die Unterzeichneten

undersized

adj → klein; (= less than proper size) → zu klein; clothes → in einer zu kleinen Größe; (pej) person also → zu kurz geraten (hum)

underskirt

n → Unterrock m

undersold pret, ptp of undersell

underspend pret, ptp <underspent>

vi → zu wenig ausgeben (on für); we have underspent by £1000 → wir haben £ 1000 weniger ausgegeben als geplant

understaffed

adj office → unterbesetzt; prison, hospital → mit zu wenig Personal; we are very under at the moment → wir haben momentan zu wenig Leute

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under:

undertax

vt → unterbesteuern, zu niedrig besteuern

undertenant

n → Untermieter(in) m(f); (of land) → Unterpächter(in) m(f)

under-the-counter

adj ? counter

undertone

n

(of voice) in an under → mit gedämpfter Stimme

(fig, of criticism, discontent) → Unterton m; (of colour) → Tönung f; an under of racism → ein rassistischer Unterton

undertook pret of undertake

undertow

n (lit, fig) → Unterströmung f; there is a lot of under → es gibt viele Unterströmungen

underused

adj land, muscles → nicht voll genutzt; resources, facilities also → unausgeschöpft

underutilization

n → mangelnde or unzureichende Nutzung

underutilized

adj → unzureichend or nicht voll genutzt

undervalue

vt antique, artist → unterbewerten, unterschätzen; (= price too low) company, assets, shares → zu niedrig schätzen or veranschlagen; person → zu wenig schätzen

underwater

adj → Unterwasser-; under photography → Unterwasserfotografie f

adv → unter Wasser

underway

adj (esp US) → unterwegs; (= in progress) → im Gang ? also way

underwear

n → Unterwäsche f

underweight

adj → untergewichtig; to be (2 kg) under → (2 kg) Untergewicht haben

underwent pret of undergo

underwhelm

vt (hum) the critics were undered by his second novel → sein zweiter Roman hat die Kritiker nicht gerade umgehauen (inf)

underworld

n (= criminals, Myth) → Unterwelt f

underwrite pret <underwrote>, ptp <underwritten>

vt (= finance) company, loss, project → tragen, garantieren; (= guarantee) insurance policy → garantieren, bürgen für; (= insure) shipping, risk → versichern; (St Ex) shares, issue → zeichnen; (fig: = agree to) policies etc → billigen

underwriter

n (Insur: = company) → Versicherer m, → Versicherungsgeber m

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under [ˈʌndəʳ]

1. prep

a. (beneath) → sotto
under the table → sotto il tavolo
from under the bed → da sotto il letto
it's under there → sta lì sotto
under water → sott'acqua

b. (less than) → meno di; (in rank, scale) → al di sotto di
in under 2 hours → in meno di 2 ore
people under 50 (years old) → gente al di sotto dei 50 (anni)

c. (fig) (sb's leadership, sign of zodiac, letter in catalogue) → sotto
under anaesthetic → sotto anestesia
under discussion/repair/construction → in discussione/riparazione/costruzione
to study under sb → studiare con qn or sotto la guida di qn
under the circumstances → date le circostanze
under the Romans → sotto i Romani
under a false name → sotto falso nome
he has 30 workers under him → ha 30 operai sotto di sé

d. (according to) → secondo
under the new law → secondo quanto previsto dalla nuova legge

2. adv

a. (beneath, position) → sotto; (direction) → sotto, di sotto
to be under (under anaesthetic) → essere sotto anestesia

b. (less) → al di sotto, meno
girls of 14 and under → ragazze dai 14 anni in giù

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under

prep under [ˈandə]

1 in or to a position lower than, or covered by Your pencil is under the chair; Strange plants grow under the sea. onder تَحْت под pod under unter κάτω από debajo, bajo all, alla زیر alla, alle sous, au-dessous (de) מִתַחַת לְ- नीचे ispod alatt(a) undir sotto ～の下に (위치) …의 (바로) 밑에 po zem di bawah onder under pod debaixo de sub, dedesubtul под; на (дне) pod pod ispod under ใต้ altın(d)a (位置)在...之下 під اندر dưới, ở dưới 在...之下

2 less than, or lower in rank than Children under five should not cross the street alone; You can do the job in under an hour. in minder as أقَل من подчинен pod; do under unter,weniger als κάτω από, λιγότερο από menor de, (de) menos de alla, vähem kui کمتر alle (de) moins de פָּחוֹת מְ- निम्न manje, ispod ...-nél fiatalabb; kevesebb, mint; ...-n belül innan við sotto, meno di ～未満で (계급, 연령) ...이하(미만)의 mažiau nei mazāk par ke bawah beneden, minder dan under, mindre enn poniżej com/em menos de sub, mai puţin de до; меньше pod; do manj kot manje under, mindre än ต่ำกว่า altında, aşağısında, ...-den/dan küçük (等級，程度)在...以下，在…以內 вказує на менший ступінь, кількість, вік тощо سے کم dưới, có cấp bậc thấp hơn 在...之下

3 subject to the authority of As a foreman, he has about fifty workers under him. onder, in sy groep تَحْت إمْرَتِه под pod under unter υπό τις διαταγές, κάτω από την εξουσία a las órdenes (de) alluvuses زیر نظر alaisuudessaan sous les ordres (de) מִתַחַת मातहत ispod a keze alatt undir stjórn sotto ～のもとに (지배, 감독) ...을 받아 pavaldus kāda vadībā/pakļautībā dibawah onder under pod às ordens de în subordinea под, у pod pod pod under ภายใต้ yanında, emir komutası altında (層級)在...之下 під ماتحت chiu trách nhiệm với quyền hành của ai 在...指挥之下

4 used to express various states The fort was under attack; The business improved under the new management; The matter is under consideration/discussion. onder, in, danksy تَحْت البَحْث под pod, v under unter,in υπό (για να δηλώσει κατάσταση) bajo all, (-l, -kse) تحت alaisena sous, en בְּ- विभिन्न स्थितियों के लिए इस्तेमाल होता है pod, ispod ... alatt; -ban, -ben (folyamatban) undir, til sotto ～中で (사정, 조건) ...하에 Jautājums tiek apspriests. (norāda uz dažādiem stāvokļiem) dibawah onder, in under pod sob sub (ameninţarea etc.) под; при; на pod, v za časa; v pod under ภายใต้ altında; bünyesinde; halinde 在...狀態之下，進入…狀態 вказує на перебування в русі, процесі, певному стані тощо کے تحت đang ở trong tình trạng （表示状态）在...之下

adv

in or to a lower position, rank etc The swimmer surfaced and went under again; children aged seven and under. onder, laer تَحْت الشَّيء в, на dolů, méně under (dar-)unter κάτω, σε χαμηλότερη θέση abajo; por debajo alla, vähem kui به پائین alle, vähemmän kuin sous, au-dessous (de) מִתַחַת לְ-, פָּחוֹת מְ- निम्न स्थान manje, niže alá (pl. alámerül); ... és annál fiatalabb í kaf/undir ákveðnum aldri sotto 下に (위치, 지위 등) 아래에 žemyn; mažiau septiņus gadus veci un jaunāki bērni ke bawah onder, naar beneden under, ned(e) poniżej abaixo sub, mai puţin de вниз; ниже; моложе dolu, menej niže; manj ispod ner, därunder ซึ่งอยู่ใต้พื้นผิว altın(d)a (位置、層級等)在...之下 вказує на рух вниз, положення, місце нижче чогось ، نيچے، نيچے کي طرف dưới, ở phía dưới 在...之下

under-

1 beneath, as in underline. onder تَحْت، أدْنى под pod- under- unter-... από κάτω (από κτ.), υπο- (ως β΄ συνθ.) sub- alla- زیر alle- sous-... souligner שֶׁנִמצָא מִתַחַת नीचे ispod alá- (pl. aláhúz) undir- sotto- 下の－ 아래쪽에 pa- zem- bawah onder{#169} under- pod- sub(linhar) sub-... subliniat под- pod- pod-... podčrtati pod [] under, under- ใต้ alt, altında, altına, alttan (前綴)在...下方 під- نيچے ở phía dưới （前缀）表示`在...之下`

2 too little, as in underpay. wan أقَل مما يَنْبَغي прекалено нисък nedo- under- unter-... λιγότερο από το κανονικό, υπο- (ως β΄ συνθ.) sub-, mal ala- اندک ali- sous-... sous-payer פָּחוֹת מִדַי बहुत कम premalo alul- (pl. alulfizet) undirborga sotto- 不十分の－ 너무 적은 nepakankamai, per maþas pārāk mazs/maz kurang onder{#169} under- źle..., zbyt nisko, mało (pagar) mal mai puţin недо- pod- pod-... podceniti pod under- ไม่เพียงพอ az, yetersiz (前綴)少於... надає значення недостатності بہت کم quá ít （前缀）少于...

3 lower in rank the under-manager. onder أدنى مرْتَبَةً по-нисш pod- under- Unter-... σε κατώτερη βαθμίδα, υπο- (ως β΄ συνθ.) sub- all- زیر دست؛ دون ali- sous-... sous-directeur תַּת- पद में निम्न pod- al- (pl. aligazgató) undir-, lægra settur sotto- 下位の－ 지위가 낮은 jaunesnysis zemāka ranga-/pakāpes- bawahan onder{#169} underordnet pod sub(gerente) sub director ниже по чину pod- pod-... podravnatelj pod vice, biträdande, under- รองลงมา yardımcı, ast (前綴)職位等低於... надає значення підпорядкованості, підлеглості چھوٹے درجہ کا cấp dưới （前缀）职位等低于...

4 less in age than a nursery for under-fives (= children aged four and under). onder تَحْت السِّن ، أصْغَر من по-малък méně než under unter... κάτω από (για ηλικία) de menos de, menores de alla- کمتر alle de moins de פָּחוֹת מְ- उम्र में कम mlađi -aluli (pl. öt éven aluliak) innan við tiltekinn aldur (di/con meno di) －歳未満の 나이가 ...미만의 사람 jaunesnis negu jaunāks nekā ke bawah beneden de... jaar under, mindre enn w wieku poniżej lat... menos de mai mic decât моложе menej ako do ispod under อายุต่ำกว่า altında, ...-den/dan küçük (前綴)年齡小於... нижче عمر ميں کم ít tuổi hơn （前缀）年令小于...

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under → تحت pod under unter κάτω από debajo de alla sous ispod sotto ･･･の下に ...의 밑에 onder under pod sob под under ภายใต้ altında phía dưới 在...之下