back (redirected from with back to the wall)

back ¹  (bk)

n.

1.

a. The posterior portion of the trunk of the human body between the neck and the pelvis; the dorsum.

b. The analogous dorsal region in other animals.

2. The backbone or spine.

3. The part or area farthest from the front.

4. The part opposite to or behind that adapted for view or use: the back of the hand; wrote on the back of the photograph.

5. The reverse side, as of a coin.

6. A part that supports or strengthens from the rear: the back of a couch.

7.

a. The part of a book where the pages are stitched or glued together into the binding.

b. The binding itself.

8. Sports

a. A player who takes a position behind the front line of other players in certain games, such as football and soccer.

b. This playing position.

v. backed, back·ing, backs

v.tr.

1. To cause to move backward or in a reverse direction: Back the car up and then make the turn.

2. To furnish or strengthen with a back or backing.

3. To provide with financial or moral support; support or endorse: Unions backed the pro-labor candidate. See Synonyms at support.

4. To provide with musical accompaniment. Often used with up.

5. To bet or wager on.

6. To adduce evidence in support of; substantiate: backed the argument with facts.

7. To form the back or background of: Snowcapped mountains back the village.

v.intr.

1. To move backward: backed out of the garage.

2. To shift to a counterclockwise direction. Used of the wind.

adj.

1. Located or placed in the rear: Deliveries should be made at the back entrance.

2. Distant from a center of activity; remote.

3. Of a past date; not current: a back issue of a periodical.

4. Being owed or due from an earlier time; in arrears: back pay.

5. Being in a backward direction.

6. Linguistics Pronounced with the back of the tongue, as oo in cool. Used of vowels.

adv.

1. At, to, or toward the rear or back; backward.

2. In, to, or toward a former location: went back for the class reunion.

3. In, to, or toward a former condition.

4. In, to, or toward a past time.

5. In reserve or concealment.

6. In check or under restraint: Barriers held the crowd back.

7. In reply or return.

Phrasal Verbs:

back away

To withdraw from a position; retreat.

back down

To withdraw from a position, opinion, or commitment.

back off

To retreat or draw away.

back out

1. To withdraw from something before completion.

2. To fail to keep a commitment or promise.

back up

1. To cause to accumulate or undergo accumulation: The accident backed the traffic up for blocks. Traffic backed up in the tunnel.

2. Computer Science To make a backup of (a program or file).

Idioms:

back and fill

1. Nautical To maneuver a vessel in a narrow channel by adjusting the sails so as to let the wind in and out of them in alteration.

2. To vacillate in one's actions or decisions.

back to back

Consecutively and without interruption: presented three speeches back to back.

behind (one's) back

In one's absence or without one's knowledge.

have (one's) back up

To be angry or irritated.

off (someone's) back

No longer nagging or urging someone to do something.

on (someone's) back

Persistently nagging or urging someone to do something.

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[Middle English bak, from Old English bæc.]

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backless adj.

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back

Noun

1. the rear part of the human body, from the neck to the pelvis

2. the spinal column

3. the part or side of an object opposite the front

4. the part of anything less often seen or used

5. Ball games a defensive player or position

6. not in one's conscious thoughts

7. behind someone's back secretly or deceitfully

8. put or get someone's back up to annoy someone

9. turn one's back on someone to refuse to help someone

Verb

1. to move or cause to move backwards

2. to provide money for (a person or enterprise)

3. to bet on the success of: to back a horse

4. to provide (a pop singer) with a musical accompaniment

5. (foll. by on, onto)to have the back facing (towards): his garden backs onto a school

6. (of the wind) to change direction anticlockwise

Adjective

1. situated behind: back garden

2. owing from an earlier date: back rent

3. remote: a back road

Adverb

1. at, to, or towards the rear

2. to or towards the original starting point or condition: I went back home

3. in reply or retaliation: to hit someone back

4. in concealment or reserve: to keep something back

5. back and forth to and fro

6. back to front

a. in reverse

b. in disorder

See also back down, back off, etc. [Old English bæc]

Thesaurus

Noun	1.	back - the posterior part of a human (or animal) body from the neck to the end of the spine; "his back was nicely tanned" dorsum saddle - posterior part of the back of a domestic fowl body part - any part of an organism such as an organ or extremity torso, trunk, body - the body excluding the head and neck and limbs; "they moved their arms and legs and bodies" small - the slender part of the back lat, latissimus dorsi - a broad flat muscle on either side of the back dorsal vertebra, thoracic vertebra - one of 12 vertebrae in the human vertebral column; thoracic vertebrae extend from the seventh cervical vertebra down to the first lumbar vertebra lumbar vertebra - one of 5 vertebrae in the human vertebral column; lumbar vertebrae extend from the twelfth thoracic vertebra down to the sacral vertebrae
	2.	back - the side that goes last or is not normally seen; "he wrote the date on the back of the photograph" rear side - an extended outer surface of an object; "he turned the box over to examine the bottom side"; "they painted all four sides of the house" after part, stern, poop, tail, quarter - the rear part of a ship empennage, tail assembly, tail - the rear part of an aircraft
	3.	back - the part of something that is furthest from the normal viewer; "he stood at the back of the stage"; "it was hidden in the rear of the store" rear position, place - the particular portion of space occupied by something; "he put the lamp back in its place" front - the part of something that is nearest to the normal viewer; "he walked to the front of the stage"
	4.	back - (football) a person who plays in the backfield football, football game - any of various games played with a ball (round or oval) in which two teams try to kick or carry or propel the ball into each other's goal flanker, flanker back - a back stationed wide of the scrimmage line; used as a pass receiver football player, footballer - an athlete who plays American football field general, quarterback, signal caller - (football) the person who plays quarterback running back - (football) a back on the offensive team (a fullback or halfback) who tries to advance the ball by carrying it on plays from the line of scrimmage tailback - (American football) the person who plays tailback wingback - (football) the person who plays wingback
	5.	back - the series of vertebrae forming the axis of the skeleton and protecting the spinal cord; "the fall broke his back" spinal column, spine, vertebral column, rachis, backbone notochord - a flexible rodlike structure that forms the supporting axis of the body in the lowest chordates and lowest vertebrates and in embryos of higher vertebrates chine - backbone of an animal canalis vertebralis, spinal canal, vertebral canal - the canal in successive vertebrae through which the spinal cord passes coccyx, tail bone - the end of the vertebral column in humans and tailless apes vertebra - one of the bony segments of the spinal column intervertebral disc, intervertebral disk - a fibrocartilaginous disc serving as a cushion between all of the vertebrae of the spinal column (except between the first two) skeletal structure - any structure created by the skeleton of an organism axial skeleton - the part of the skeleton that includes the skull and spinal column and sternum and ribs
	6.	back - the protective covering on the front, back, and spine of a book; "the book had a leather binding" book binding, cover, binding book, volume - physical objects consisting of a number of pages bound together; "he used a large book as a doorstop" half binding - book binding in which the spine and part of the sides are bound in one material and the rest in another protective cover, protective covering, protection - a covering that is intend to protect from damage or injury; "they had no protection from the fallout"; "wax provided protection for the floors" three-quarter binding - the spine and much of the sides are a different material from the rest of the cover
	7.	back - the part of a garment that covers the back of your body; "they pinned a `kick me' sign on his back" cloth covering - a covering made of cloth
	8.	back - a support that you can lean against while sitting; "the back of the dental chair was adjustable" backrest cantle - the back of a saddle seat car seat - a seat in a car chair - a seat for one person, with a support for the back; "he put his coat over the back of the chair and sat down" ladder-back - the backrest of a chair that consists of two uprights with connecting slats support - any device that bears the weight of another thing; "there was no place to attach supports for a shelf"
	9.	back - (American football) the position of a player on a football team who is stationed behind the line of scrimmage American football, American football game - a game played by two teams of 11 players on a rectangular field 100 yards long; teams try to get possession of the ball and advance it across the opponents goal line in a series of (running or passing) plays position - (in team sports) the role assigned to an individual player; "what position does he play?" line backer, linebacker - (American football) the position of a defensive football player who plays close behind the line of scrimmage field general, quarterback, signal caller - (American football) the position of the football player in the backfield who directs the offensive play of his team; "quarterback is the most important position on the team" fullback - (American football) the position of a back on a football team halfback - (American football) the position of a back on a football team tailback - (American football) the position of the offensive back on a football team who lines up farthest from the line of scrimmage wingback - (American football) the position of the offensive back who lines up behind or outside the end backfield - the offensive football players who line up behind the linemen secondary - the defensive football players who line up behind the linemen
Verb	1.	back - be behind; approve of; "He plumped for the Labor Party"; "I backed Kennedy in 1960" endorse, indorse, plump for, plunk for, support approve, O.K., okay, sanction - give sanction to; "I approve of his educational policies" warrant, guarantee - stand behind and guarantee the quality, accuracy, or condition of; "The dealer warrants all the cars he sells"; "I warrant this information" champion, defend - protect or fight for as a champion second, endorse, indorse, back - give support or one's approval to; "I'll second that motion"; "I can't back this plan"; "endorse a new project"
	2.	back - travel backward; "back into the driveway"; "The car backed up and hit the tree" go, locomote, move, travel - change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically; "How fast does your new car go?"; "We travelled from Rome to Naples by bus"; "The policemen went from door to door looking for the suspect"; "The soldiers moved towards the city in an attempt to take it before night fell"; "news travelled fast" back out - move out of a space backwards; "He backed out of the driveway" back - cause to travel backward; "back the car into the parking spot" back down, back off, back up - move backwards from a certain position; "The bully had to back down" back down, back off, back up - move backwards from a certain position; "The bully had to back down" back out - move out of a space backwards; "He backed out of the driveway" back down, back off, back up - move backwards from a certain position; "The bully had to back down"
	3.	back - give support or one's approval to; "I'll second that motion"; "I can't back this plan"; "endorse a new project" second, endorse, indorse back, endorse, indorse, plump for, plunk for, support - be behind; approve of; "He plumped for the Labor Party"; "I backed Kennedy in 1960" back up, support - give moral or psychological support, aid, or courage to; "She supported him during the illness"; "Her children always backed her up"
	4.	back - cause to travel backward; "back the car into the parking spot" back - travel backward; "back into the driveway"; "The car backed up and hit the tree" bring forward, advance - cause to move forward; "Can you move the car seat forward?"
	5.	back - support financial backing for; "back this enterprise" finance - obtain or provide money for; "Can we finance the addition to our home?"
	6.	back - be in back of; "My garage backs their yard" lie - be located or situated somewhere; occupy a certain position front, face, look - be oriented in a certain direction, often with respect to another reference point; be opposite to; "The house looks north"; "My backyard look onto the pond"; "The building faces the park"
	7.	back - place a bet on; "Which horse are you backing?"; "I'm betting on the new horse" bet on, gage, game, stake, punt ante - place one's stake parlay, double up - stake winnings from one bet on a subsequent wager wager, bet, play - stake on the outcome of an issue; "I bet $100 on that new horse"; "She played all her money on the dark horse"
	8.	back - shift to a counterclockwise direction; "the wind backed" change over, shift, switch - make a shift in or exchange of; "First Joe led; then we switched" veer - shift to a clockwise direction; "the wind veered"
	9.	back - establish as valid or genuine; "Can you back up your claims?" back up affirm, confirm, corroborate, substantiate, support, sustain - establish or strengthen as with new evidence or facts; "his story confirmed my doubts"; "The evidence supports the defendant"
	10.	back - strengthen by providing with a back or backing strengthen - gain strength; "His body strengthened"
Adj.	1.	back - related to or located at the back; "the back yard"; "the back entrance" posterior - located at or near or behind a part or near the end of a structure aft - (nautical, aeronautical) situated at or toward the stern or tail front - relating to or located in the front; "the front lines"; "the front porch"
	2.	back - located at or near the back of an animal; "back (or hind) legs"; "the hinder part of a carcass" hind, hinder posterior - located at or near or behind a part or near the end of a structure
	3.	back - of an earlier date; "back issues of the magazine" noncurrent - not current or belonging to the present time
Adv.	1.	back - in or to or toward a former location; "she went back to her parents' house"
	2.	back - at or to or toward the back or rear; "he moved back"; "tripped when he stepped backward"; "she looked rearward out the window of the car" backward, backwards, rearward, rearwards
	3.	back - in or to or toward an original condition; "he went back to sleep"
	4.	back - in or to or toward a past time; "set the clocks back an hour"; "never look back"; "lovers of the past looking fondly backward" backward ahead, forward - toward the future; forward in time; "I like to look ahead in imagination to what the future may bring"; "I look forward to seeing you"
	5.	back - in reply; "he wrote back three days later"
	6.	back - in repayment or retaliation; "we paid back everything we had borrowed"; "he hit me and I hit him back"; "I was kept in after school for talking back to the teacher"

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back

noun 1. spine, backbone, vertebrae, spinal column, vertebral column

noun 2. rear, back end << OPPOSITE front

noun 3. reverse, rear, other side, wrong side, underside, flip side, verso

adjective 4. rear, << OPPOSITE front

adjective 5. rearmost, hind, hindmost

adjective 6. previous, earlier, former, past, elapsed << OPPOSITE future

adjective 7. tail, end, rear, posterior

verb 8. support, help, second, aid, champion, encourage, favour, defend, promote, sanction, sustain, assist, advocate, endorse, side with, stand up for, espouse, stand behind, countenance, abet, stick up for (informal) take up the cudgels for << OPPOSITE oppose

verb 9. subsidize, help, support, finance, sponsor, assist, underwrite

back down give in, collapse, withdraw, yield, concede, submit, surrender, comply, cave in (informal) capitulate, accede, admit defeat, back-pedal

back out withdraw, retire, give up, pull out, retreat, drop out, renege, cop out (slang) chicken out (informal) detach yourself

back someone up support, second, aid, assist, stand by, bolster behind someone's back secretly, covertly, surreptitiously, furtively, conspiratorially, sneakily, deceitfully >> adjective dorsal

Translations

back [bæk] n [of person] → espalda; [of animal] → lomo; [of hand, page] → dorso;

(as opposed to front) → parte f de atrás [of room] → fondo; [of chair] → respaldo;

(FOOTBALL) → defensa m;

to have one's back to the wall (fig) → estar entre la espada y la pared;

to break the back of a job → hacer lo más difícil de un trabajo;

back to front → al revés;

at the back of my mind was the thought that ... → en el fondo tenía la idea de que ... vt [+ candidate] (also: back up) → respaldar, apoyar [+ horse] (at races) → apostar a [+ car]; dar marcha atrás a or con

vi [car etc] → dar marcha atrás

adj (in compounds) → de atrás;

back seats/wheels (AUT) → asientos mpl/ruedas fpl traseros/as;

back garden/room → jardín m/habitación f de atrás;

back payments → pagos mpl con efecto retroactivo;

back rent → renta atrasada;

to take a back seat (fig) → pasar a segundo plano adv (= not forward) → (hacia) atrás;

he's back (= returned) → ha vuelto;

he ran back → volvió corriendo;

throw the ball back (= restitution) → devuelve la pelota;

can I have it back? → ¿me lo devuelve?;

he called back (again) → volvió a llamar;

back and forth → de acá para allá;

as far back as the 13th century → ya en el siglo XIII;

when will you be back? → ¿cuándo volverá?

back down vi → echarse atrás

back on to vt fus the house backs on to the golf course → por atrás la casa da al campo de golf

back out vi (of promise) → volverse atrás

back up vt (= support) [+ person] → apoyar: respaldar [+ theory]; defender [+ car]; dar marcha atrás a;

(COMPUT) → hacer una copia de reserva de

back [bæk] n [of person, horse] → dos m [of hand]; dos, revers m [of house]; derrière m [of car, train]; arrière m [of chair]; dossier m [of page]; verso m [of crowd];

can the people at the back hear me properly? → est-ce que les gens du fond peuvent m'entendre?;

(Football) → arrière m;

to have one's back to the wall (fig) → être au pied du mur;

to break the back of a job (Brit) → faire le gros d'un travail;

back to front → à l'envers vt (financially) → soutenir (financièrement) [+ candidate] (also: back up) → soutenir, appuyer [+ horse] (at races) → parier or miser sur [+ car]; (faire) reculer

vi → reculer; [car etc] → faire marche arrière

adj (in compounds) → de derrière, à l'arrière;

back seat/wheel (Aut) → siège m/roue f arrière inv;

back payments/rent → arriéré m de paiements/loyer;

back garden/room → jardin/pièce sur l'arrière;

to take a back seat (fig) → se contenter d'un second rôle, être relégué(e) au second plan adv (= not forward) → en arrière (= returned);

he's back → il est rentré, il est de retour;

when will you be back? → quand seras-tu de retour?;

he ran back → il est revenu en courant (= restitution);

throw the ball back → renvoie la balle;

can I have it back? → puis-je le ravoir?, peux-tu me le rendre? (= again);

he called back → il a rappelé

back down vi → rabattre de ses prétentions

back on to vt fus the house backs on to the golf course → la maison donne derrière sur le terrain de golf

back out vi (of promise) → se dédire

back up vt [+ person] → soutenir;

(Comput) → faire une copie de sauvegarde de

back [bæk] n → Rücken m;

(of house, page) → Rückseite f;

(of chair) → (Rücken)lehne f;

(of train) → Ende nt;

(Football) → Verteidiger m

vt (candidate) (also: back up) → unterstützen;

(horse) → setzen or wetten auf +acc;

(car) → zurücksetzen, zurückfahren

vi (also: back up) (person) → rückwärtsgehen;

(car etc) → zurücksetzen, zurückfahren

cpd (payment, rent) → ausstehend

adv → hinten;

in the back (of the car) → hinten (im Auto);

at the back of the book/crowd/audience → hinten im Buch/in der Menge/im Publikum;

back to front → verkehrt herum;

to break the back of a job (Brit) → mit einer Arbeit über den Berg sein;

to have one's back to the wall (fig) → in die Enge getrieben sein;

back room → Hinterzimmer nt;

back garden → Garten m (hinter dem Haus);

back seat (Aut) → Rücksitz m;

to take a back seat (fig) → sich zurückhalten;

back wheels → Hinterräder pl;

he's back → er ist zurück or wieder da;

throw the ball back → wirf den Ball zurück;

he called back → er rief zurück;

he ran back → er rannte zurück;

when will you be back? → wann kommen Sie wieder?;

can I have it back? → kann ich es zurückhaben or wiederhaben?

back down vi → nachgeben

back on to vt fus the house backs on to the golf course → das Haus grenzt hinten an den Golfplatz an

back out vi (of promise) → einen Rückzieher machen

back up vt (support) → unterstützen;

(Comput) → sichern

back [bæk] n [of person, horse] → dorso, schiena; [of hand] → dorso; [of house, car] → didietro; [of train] → coda; [of chair] → schienale m [of page] → rovescio;

(FOOTBALL) → difensore m;

back to front → all'incontrario;

to break the back of a job (BRIT) → fare il grosso or il peggio di un lavoro;

to have one's back to the wall (fig) → essere or trovarsi con le spalle al muro vt (financially) → finanziare [+ candidate] (also: back up) → appoggiare [+ horse] (at races) → puntare su [+ car]; guidare a marcia indietro

vi → indietreggiare; [car etc] → fare marcia indietro

adj (in compounds) → posteriore, di dietro; arretrato/a;

back seats/wheels (AUT) → sedili mpl/ruote fpl posteriori;

back payments/rent → arretrati mpl;

back garden/room → giardino/stanza sul retro (della casa);

to take a back seat (fig) → restare in secondo piano adv (= not forward) → indietro (= returned): he's back → è tornato;

when will you be back? → quando torni?;

he ran back → tornò indietro di corsa;

(restitution): throw the ball back → ritira la palla;

can I have it back? → posso riaverlo? (= again): he called back → ha richiamato

back down vi (fig) → fare marcia indietro

back on to vt fus the house backs on to the golf course → il retro della casa dà sul campo da golf

back out vi (of promise) → tirarsi indietro

back up vt (= support) → appoggiare, sostenere;

(COMPUT) → fare una copia di riserva di

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back

n back [bӕk]

1 in man, the part of the body from the neck to the bottom of the spine She lay on her back. rug ظَهْر гръб záda ryg der Rücken πλάτη espalda selg پشت؛ کمر selkä dos גַּב पीठ leđa hát punggung bak, hryggur schiena 背中 (사람의) 등 nugara mugura belakang rug rygg plecy costas spate спина chrbát hrbet leđa rygg หลัง sırt, arka （人）背部 спина کمر، پُشت cái lưng （人）背部

2 in animals, the upper part of the body She put the saddle on the horse's back. rug ظَهْرالحَيَوان гръб hřbet ryg der Rücken ράχη (για ζώο) lomo selg پشت selkä dos גַּב पिछला हिस्सा leđa hát punggung bak, hryggur dorso 背 (동물의) 등 nugara mugura belakang rug rygg grzbiet dorso spate спина chrbát hrbet leđa rygg หลัง sırt, arka （動物）背部，后面 спина پیٹھ lưng động vật （动物）背部，后面

3 that part of anything opposite to or furthest from the front the back of the house; She sat at the back of the hall. agterkant ظَهْر، الجِهَة الخَلفِيَّه задна част zadní část bagside; bagerste del die Rückseite πίσω μέρος parte trasera, fondo tagaosa پشت؛ عقب takaosa arrière צַד אֲחוֹרִי, גַּב पिछला हिस्सा stražnji dio hátulja bagian belakang bakatil, bakhlið, aftari eða fjarlægari hluti fondo, parte posteriore うしろ 뒤(쪽) užpakalis, galas otrā puse; aizmugure belakang achterkant bakside, bakerste del tył traseiras spate; fund задняя часть zadná časť hrbtna stran, zadnji del stražnji deo på baksidan, längst bak (in) ด้านหลัง arka, arka taraf 背面 тил پیچھے đằng sau 背面

4 in football, hockey etc a player who plays behind the forwards. agterspeler دِفاع، ظَهير защитник obránce back der/die Verteidiger/-in οπισθοφύλακας, αμυντικός (π.χ. στο ποδόσφαιρο) defensa kaitsja بازیکن عقب؛ دفاع puolustaja arrière מָגֶן फारवर्ड के पीछे खेलने वाला bek hátvéd pemain belakang bakvörður difensore, terzino 後衛 후위, 백 gynėjas aizsargs (futbolā u.tml.) bek achterspeler back pomocnik defesa защитник obranca branilec bek back กองหลัง bek （足球等的）后衛 захисник у футболі بیک ، پُشتی hậu vệ （足球等的）后卫

adj

of or at the back the back door. agterste خَلفي заден zadní bag- rückwärtig οπίσθιος de detrás, trasero taga-, selja- عقبی؛ پشتی taka-, selkä- de derrière גַבִּי पीछे का stražnji hátsó belakang aftur-, bak- posteriore うしろの 뒤(쪽)의 užpakalinis aizmugures; pakaļējais belakang achter- bak-, bakre; rygg- tylny traseiro din spate задний zadný zadnji stražnji bak-, bakre ข้างหลัง arka, arkada, arkadaki 后面的 задній پچھلا đằng sau 后面的

adv

1 to, or at, the place or person from which a person or thing came I went back to the shop; He gave the car back to its owner. terug إلى обратно zpátky, nazpět tilbage zurück πίσω, στην αρχική θέση) de vuelta tagasi بازگشتن؛ پس دادن takaisin de retour חֲזָרָה वापस natrag hátra, vissza kembali til baka, aftur indietro もとへ 되돌아가서, 되돌려 atgal atpakaļ semula terug tilbake, igjen z powrotem de volta înapoi обратно, назад späť, naspäť nazaj nazad tillbaka กลับคืน geri, geriye 回原處 назад واپس trở lại 回原处

2 away (from something); not near (something) Move back! Let the ambulance get to the injured man; Keep back from me or I'll hit you! terug, terugwaarts بَعيدا отдалечено zpět, pryč, dál tilbage; væk zurück μακριά hacia atrás, para atrás eemale, eemal عقب؛ کنار pois en arrière לְאָחוֹר, אָחוֹרָה पीछेकीओर dalje hátrafelé, el- mundur aftur, frá indietro 離れて 저리로 tolyn, šalin sāņus jauh achteruit bakover, vekk daleko, dalej para trás înapoi; la o parte назад; подальше preč, ďalej stran unazad tillbaka, bakåt, undan ถอยหลัง uzakta, geride, arkada 向后 осторонь, віддалік پرے، دور cách xa 向后

3 towards the back (of something) Sit back in your chair. agteroor, terug إلى الخَلْف назад dozadu tilbage zurück προς τα πίσω hacia atrás, para atrás tahapoole به عقب taaksepäin en arrière לְאָחוֹר, אָחוֹרָה नियंत्रण में natrag hátrafelé menyandar aftur (í) indietro 奥深く 안(쪽)으로 arti atramos [] pret di achteruit tilbake do tyłu para trás jos откинувшись назад dozadu zadaj nazad bakåt, tillbaka พิงหลัง gerisine, arkasına 向后 до спинки (стільця) کسی چیز کے پیچھے quay trở lại 向后

4 in return; in response to When the teacher is scolding you, don't answer back. terug بِالمُقابِل، كَرَدِّ فِعْل обратно v odpověď igen zurück πίσω (δηλ. ως απάντηση ή ανταπόδοση) de vuelta tagasi, vastu در پاسخ به؛ در مقابل takaisin en retour בַּחֲזָרָה पहले natrag vissza melawan til baka, á móti indietro; (rispondere) 返して 돌려 주어 atsilygindamas, atsikirsdamas, atgal [] pretī balas terug igjen w odpowiedzi, z powrotem de volta în schimb; înapoi в ответ odpovedať, odvrávať nazaj zauzvrat emot, tillbaka ย้อนกลับ karşılık olarak, cevap olarak 答复 у відповідь جواباً phản ứng lại 答复

5 to, or in, the past Think back to your childhood. terug إلى الوَراء назад zpět (do minulosti) tilbage til zurück στο παρελθόν atrás tagasi به یا در گذشته taaksepäin en arrière לִפְנֵי, אֲחוֹרָה पीछे unatrag vissza ke masa lampau aftur (til) indietro さかのぼって 옛날에 į praeitį, praeityje pirms; agrāk ke terug tilbake til w przeszłość para trás înapoi (тому) назад späť (do minulosti) nazaj u prošlosti tillbaka, bakåt ย้อนหลัง geçmişe, önce, geriye 回溯 в минулому گذشتہ nghĩ lại 回溯

v

1 to (cause to) move backwards He backed (his car) out of the garage. terug beweeg, agteruit beweeg يُعيد الى الخَلْف връщам (vy)couvat bakke (sich) rückwärts bewegen κινούμαι προς τα πίσω dar marcha atrás, mover hacia atrás tagurdama عقب عقب رفتن peruuttaa faire marche arrière לִנְסוֹע לְאָחוֹר पीछे होना voziti prema natrag tolat memundurkan bakka fare marcia indietro うしろへさがる 후진하다 eiti/važiuoti atbulom, varyti atgal braukt atpakaļgaitā berundur ke belakang achteruitrijden rygge cofać recuar a da îna­poi, a merge în marşarier давать задний ход (vy)cúvať vzvratno peljati voziti unazad backa ถอยหลัง geri geri gitmek, gerilemek 倒退 іти заднім ходом پیچھے ہونا، پیچھے کرنا lùi 倒退

2 to help or support Will you back me against the others? ondersteun يُؤَيِّد، يَدْعَم подпомагам podpořit støtte unterstützen, Rückhalt bieten υποστηρίζω apoyar toetama پشتیبانی کردن tukea soutenir לִתְמוֹך, לְגַבּוֹת समर्थन देना poduprijeti támogat mendukung styðja (við bakið á) sostenere 指示する 후원하다 palaikyti, remti atbalstīt sokong steunen støtte; bakke opp popierać apoiar a susţine поддерживать podporiť podpreti podržati backa upp, hjälpa หนุนหลัง desteklemek, arkalamak, arka çıkmak 支持 підтримувати پشت پناہی کرنا ủng hộ 支持

3 to bet or gamble on I backed your horse to win. wed op يُراهِن عَلى залагам на vsadit si (na něco) satse (penge) på; holde på setzen auf στοιχηματίζω apostar a kihla vedama شرط بستن روی lyödä vetoa miser sur לְהָמֵר עַל सहारा देना kladiti se fogad vmire bertaruh veðja (á) puntare 賭ける ...에 걸다 lažintis, statyti sumą derēt mempertaruhkan wedden op satse (penger) på, holde på stawiać na apostar a miza pe, a pune pariu pe держать пари staviť (na) staviti na kladiti se na hålla (spela, satsa) på วางเดิมพัน bahse girmek 下賭注在...上 побитися об заклад حمایت کرنا đánh cuộc 下赌注在...上

n ˈbacker

a person who supports someone or something, especially with money the backer of the new theatre. borg, ondersteuner مُؤيِّد، داعِم، مُناصِر поддръжник mecenáš, -ka, příznivec, -kyně støtte der Förderer υποστηρικτής, χρηματοδότης financiador, patrocinador toetaja حامی؛ پشتیبان tukija commanditaire תּוֹמֵך सहारादेनेवाला podupiratelj támogató sponsor stuðningsmaður sostenitore 後援者 후원자 rėmėjas atbalstītājs penyokong sponsor støttespiller; en som vedder sponsor financiador sponsor, susţi­nă­tor спонсор podporovateľ, -ka podpornik finansijer hjälpare, uppbackare ผู้หนุนหลัง destekçi, hami, finansör 贊助人，支持者 той, хто допомагає комусь, субсидує кого پشت پناہ người ủng hộ 赞助人，支持者

v ˈbackbite

to criticize a person when he is not present. beskinner يَنْتَقِد، يَغْتاب клеветя pomlouvat bagtale verleumden, tratschen κακολογώ κπ. πίσω από την πλάτη του hablar mal, por la espalda criticar taga rääkima غیبت کردن panetella médire de לְהַשׁמִיץ पीठ पीछे निंदा करना ocrniti, ogovarati fúr vkit memfitnah, mengritik di belakang baknaga, rægja sparlare, fare maldicenze 陰口をきく 험담하다 apkalbėti apmelot; celt neslavu mengumpat roddelen baktale, baksnakke obmawiać criticar a bârfi злословить ohovárať obrekovati klevetati baktala ลอบกัด birinin arkasından çekiştirmek 背后說（人）坏話 лихословити (про відсутнього) غیبت کرنا ، چغلی کھانا nói xấu sau lưng 背后说（人）坏话

n ˈbackbiting

Constant backbiting by her colleagues led to her resignation. beskinnerdery إنتِقاد، اغتِياب клеветене pomluva bagtalelse die Verleumdung, das Tuscheln πίσω από κακόβουλος σχολιασμός που γίνεται την πλάτη κπ. murmuración, por la espalda crítica tagarääkimine غیبت panettelu médisance הַשׁמָצָה चिगल खोरी ogovaranje fúrás fitnahan, kritik di belakang baknag, rógburður maldicenza 中傷 +험담, 중상 apkalbėjimas apmelošana; neslavas celšana cercaan roddel baksnakking obmawianie maledicência bârfe злословие ohováranie obrekovanje kleveta förtal การลอบกัด çekiştirme 受到不斷地誹謗, 中傷而辭職 лихослів'я (про відсутнього) غیبت، چغلی sự nói xấu sau lưng 诽谤

n ˈbackbone

1 the spine the backbone of a fish. graat العَمود الفَقَري гръбнак páteř rygrad das Rückgrat σπονδυλική στήλη, ραχοκοκαλιά espina dorsal selgroog ستون فقرات selkäranka colonne vertébrale, épine dorsale עֲמוּד שִׁדְרָה रीढ की हड्डी kralježnica hátgerinc tulang punggung hryggur spina dorsale, colonna vertebrale 背骨 등뼈 nugarkaulis mugurkauls tulang belakang ruggegraat ryggrad kręgosłup espinha coloană vertebrală, şira spinării позвоночник chrbtica hrbtenica kičma ryggrad กระดูกสันหลัง omurga, belkemiği 脊骨 спинний хребет ریڑھ کی ہڈی xương sống 脊骨

2 the chief support The older employees are the backbone of the industry. ruggraat الأساس، الأساس، الجُزء الأَهَـم гръбнак opora rygrad das Rückgrat το κύριο τμήμα, η ραχοκοκαλιά (μτφ.) piedra angular, sostén alustala ستون اصلی tukipilari pivot עָמוּד הַתָּווֶך oslonac gerince vminek pendukung utama uppistaða, meginstoð spina dorsale 主力 -대들보, 중추 pagrindinis ramstis pamats; būtība tunggak ruggegraat ryggrad podpora apoio pilon, temelie главная опора opora steber potpora ryggrad เสาหลัก belkemiği, temel, esas 主要支柱 головна опора بڑا سہارا trụ cột 主要支柱

adj ˈbackbreaking

(of a task etc) very difficult or requiring very hard work Digging the garden is a backbreaking job. uitputtend قاصِم للظَّهْر много изморителен vyčerpávající opslidende erschöpfend εξαντλητικός, εξαιρετικά κοπιώδης deslomador, pesado kontimurdev شاق؛ کمرشکن uuvuttava éreintant מְפָרֵך težak kimerítő berat sekali, sangat melelahkan lÿjandi, erfiður massacrante 骨の折れる