HRQOL: was assessed utilizing the Short Form-36 questionnaire (SF-36) which included 36 parameters in form of eight domains involving; general health, intellectual health, physical ability, physical role, emotion role, social role, pain, and healthiness.16 Total scores were ranged from zero to100.
They evaluated factors associated with changes in
HRQoL and incidence of knee replacement as well as prevalence of pain medication.
HRQoL was assessed by the generic instrument, EQ5D, and the PsA specific tool, PsAID-12.
One of the most important components of the definition of
HRQoL is that it (
HRQoL) must be determined by the patient and not the health care provider (9).
We sought to determine the beneficial effect of wet cupping on migraine headache patients, particularly any improvements in pain and
HRQOL.
The objectives of this study are to assess health-related QOL among HD patients attending HD units in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia and to evaluate the effect of an educational program on
HRQOL.
There is a dearth of data on
HRQoL among general Iranian students and adolescents and to our knowledge, there is no earlier survey on
HRQoL in terms of SES disparities in Iran.
In this context, the concept of
HRQoL refers to the value that can be placed on life due to the modifications that may occur because of diseases or conditions, treatments and health care policies (7).
A number of disease-specific patient reported outcome measures such as the Parkinson's Disease Quality of Life Questionnaire, Parkinson's Impact Scale, Parkinson's Disease Quality of Life Scale have been developed to capture the overall impact of PD on
HRQoL (2-4).
To have clinical usefulness,
HRQoL measures must offer validity, reliability, sensitivity to change, and provide useful clinical data among other properties.
Another variable associated with
HRQoL is self-perception of health (17); with perception of health worsening in children 12 years and older (18).
Quality of life is the well-being of the individual while fulfilling most of the needs that are possible.4 It is increasingly recognised that psychological and biological factors are highly associated with
HRQoL. The psychological resources like self-esteem, sense of coherence and perceived control and psychological risk factors like depressed mood independently relate to the
HRQoL.5 It has been observed that economically and racially diverse group of women with early pregnancy have depressive symptoms.6