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The HAT disease can be treated by using drugs such as suramin, eflornithine, melarsoprol, and pentamidine.
suramina sdica, melarsoprol, cloridrato de eflornitina para tratamento de tripanossomiase africana e vacina para encefalopatia japonesa, pois sao farmacos destinados ao tratamento de doencas nao prevalentes no pais; e vi.
Gyurasics, "Role of glutathione in the biliary excretion of the arsenical drugs trimelarsan and melarsoprol," Biochemical Pharmacology, vol.
TbAQP2 knockout cells also were found to be cross-resistant to melarsoprol and pentamidine (Baker et al., 2012).
Melarsoprol was used to treat late stage of the disease (Gull 2002; Nok 2003).
In the 1940s, melarsoprol was introduced to treat the neurological phase, but it produces serious side-effects such as convulsions, coma and psychotic episodes in as many as 10% of people treated with it.
The currently available drugs for trypanosomiasis treatment include pentamidine (8), melarsoprol (9), and eflornithine (10).
brucei rhodensiense, Suramin 1 g intravenously on day 1, 3, 5, 14 and 21, is a drug of choice in haemolymphatic stage, while Melarsoprol 2-3.6 mg/ kg/day for three days (3 courses; 7 days apart) is suggested for CNS disease.
rhodesiense infection is treated with melarsoprol, a highly toxic arsenical which causes a severe reactive encephalopathy in -10% of patients, half of whom die as a result (10).
Once the disease has crossed the blood-brain barrier and entered the central nervous system the most commonly used treatment is an intravenous course of the arsenic-based drug melarsoprol.
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