To the Editor: The unicornuate uterus arises from the anastomotic failure of the paired
Mullerian ducts in which simultaneously either of them is underdeveloped or absent, termed the 'rudimentary horn'.
Interaction of cells of Wolffian duct and mesothelium during initial growth period of
mullerian ducts in the axolotl (Ambystomamexicanum).
Anti-Mullerian hormone, a glycoprotein produced by Sertoli cells of the fetal testis around the 7th week of gestation, causes the regression of
Mullerian ducts and prevents the formation of female genitalia (uterus and fallopian tubes).
Uterine didelphys happens due to fusion failure of the
Mullerian ducts. Early high-level obstruction of the pelviureteric junction leading to agenesis of the ipsilateral kidney, often results in defects in the
Mullerian duct at the same level.
is a congenital malformation of the
Mullerian ducts, resulting in an absent uterus and variable degrees of hypoplasia of the fallopian tubes, cervix, and first two-thirds of the vagina.
Mullerian duct cysts are focal failure of regression and saccular dilatation of the embryological
mullerian ducts.
The
Mullerian ducts, which form the majority of the female genitourinary tract, normally disintegrate in males under the influence of anti-Mullerian hormone [9].
Mullerian malformations are frequently associated with urinary malformations due to the intimate relationship between the
mullerian ducts and the Wolff ducts during the embryonic period.
A unicornuate uterus with a rudimentary horn is an anomaly caused by defective fusion of one of the paired
Mullerian ducts. The incidence of rudimentary-horn pregnancy is estimated to be one in 76,000 pregnancies.1 Life-threateningly heavy bleeding and abortion are the anticipated outcomes of rudimentary horn pregnancies.2,3
AMH is secreted from immature Sertoli cells in males and from ovarian granulosa cells in females and is responsible for the regression of the
Mullerian ducts in the male fetus.
Sertoli cells also ensure regression of
mullerian ducts via secretion of anti mullerian and inhibin hormones (3).
Mayer-Rokitansky-Kuster-Hauser (MRKH) syndrome is a rare anomaly in females that affects 1 in 5000 live births (1,2), in which there is dysgenesis of the
Mullerian ducts leading to failure of development of the uterus and vagina.