The most common mycotoxins in livestock feeds are aflatoxin [B.sub.1] (AFBj), ochratoxin A (OTA), zearalenone (ZEA) and
trichothecenes. Mycotoxin contamination not only results in reduced animal feed intake, reproduction and feed conversion efficacy [2], but also may cause carcinogenesis, teratogenesis and immune system suppression as a result of chronic toxicity even at low levels [3,4].
Some studies showed that soybean is susceptible to the growth of moulds that produce mycotoxins such as AF and
trichothecenes [6,22].
Trichothecenes produced by Stachybotrys atrafrom Eastern Europe.
trichothecenes are toxins producers; however, they were not identified in these remedies.
The important fungal toxins known to occur in foods and feeds include aflatoxins, fumonisins,
trichothecenes, zearalenone, citrinin, ergot alkaloids and ochratoxins A, and patulin, aflatoxins being the most hazardous toxins [33].
Escola, Study on
trichothecenes, Zearalenone and ochratoxin A in Finnish cereals: Occurrence and analytical techniques.
Increase in total chlorophyll content after the pathogen infection could possibly occur owing to destruction and scattering of chloroplast ultrastructure by the action of fusaric acid, fumonisins, beauvericin, enniatin and
trichothecenes secreted by F.
Key toxins detected include aflatoxins, fumonisins, deoxynivalenol, ochratoxins, and
trichothecenes (including T-2), which are measured with ELISA test kits donated by Romer Labs.
Major mycotoxins are
trichothecenes, fumonisins, ochratoxin A, aflatoxins and zearalenone etc.
produce an array of mycotoxins such as fumonisins,
trichothecenes, zearalenone T-2 toxin, and HT-2 toxin that contaminate agricultural products resulting in huge economic losses [7,8].