For practical purposes, all acid-base disturbances are referred to as "acidosis or alkalosis", without making any distinction with regard to the terms "acidemia and alkalemia".
In human, canine, and feline medicine, acidemia is defined as a blood pH below 7.35, whereas a pH above 7.45 is considered alkalemia. In acid-base disorders, both respiratory and metabolic components may contribute to acidosis and alkalosis, and these components may also have a role in the compensation of these disorders.
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