involuntary

in·vol·un·tar·y

 (ĭn-vŏl′ən-tĕr′ē)

adj.

1. Acting or done without or against one's will: an involuntary participant in what turned out to be an argument.

2. Not subject to control of the volition: gave an involuntary start.

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in·vol′un·tar′i·ly (-târ′ə-lē) adv.

in·vol′un·tar′i·ness n.

American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fifth Edition. Copyright © 2016 by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. Published by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. All rights reserved.

involuntary

(ɪnˈvɒləntərɪ; -trɪ)

adj

1. carried out without one's conscious wishes; not voluntary; unintentional

2. (Physiology) physiol (esp of a movement or muscle) performed or acting without conscious control

inˈvoluntarily adv

inˈvoluntariness n

Collins English Dictionary – Complete and Unabridged, 12th Edition 2014 © HarperCollins Publishers 1991, 1994, 1998, 2000, 2003, 2006, 2007, 2009, 2011, 2014

in•vol•un•tar•y

(ɪnˈvɒl ənˌtɛr i)

adj.

1. not voluntary; independent of one's will: an involuntary listener.

2. unintentional; unconscious: an involuntary gesture.

3. caused through recklessness or negligence: involuntary manslaughter.

4. Physiol. acting or functioning without volition: involuntary muscles.

[1525–35; < Late Latin]

in•vol•un•tar•i•ly (ɪnˈvɒl ənˌtɛr ə li, -ˌvɒl ənˈtɛər-) adv.

in•vol′un•tar`i•ness, n.

Random House Kernerman Webster's College Dictionary, © 2010 K Dictionaries Ltd. Copyright 2005, 1997, 1991 by Random House, Inc. All rights reserved.

in·vol·un·tar·y

(ĭn-vŏl′ən-tĕr′ē)

Not under conscious control. Most of the biological processes in animals that are vital to life, such as contraction of the heart, blood flow, breathing, and digestion, are involuntary and controlled by the autonomic nervous system.

The American Heritage® Student Science Dictionary, Second Edition. Copyright © 2014 by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. Published by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. All rights reserved.

Thesaurus

Adj.	1.	involuntary - not subject to the control of the will; "involuntary manslaughter"; "involuntary servitude"; "an involuntary shudder"; "It (becoming a hero) was involuntary. They sank my boat"- John F.Kennedy nonvoluntary, unvoluntary unconscious - not conscious; lacking awareness and the capacity for sensory perception as if asleep or dead; "lay unconscious on the floor" unwilling - not disposed or inclined toward; "an unwilling assistant"; "unwilling to face facts" voluntary - of your own free will or design; done by choice; not forced or compelled; "man is a voluntary agent"; "participation was voluntary"; "voluntary manslaughter"; "voluntary generosity in times of disaster"; "voluntary social workers"; "a voluntary confession"
	2.	involuntary - controlled by the autonomic nervous system; without conscious control; "involuntary muscles"; "gave an involuntary start" physiology - the branch of the biological sciences dealing with the functioning of organisms voluntary - controlled by individual volition; "voluntary motions"; "voluntary muscles"

Based on WordNet 3.0, Farlex clipart collection. © 2003-2012 Princeton University, Farlex Inc.

involuntary

adjective

1. unintentional, automatic, unconscious, spontaneous, reflex, instinctive, uncontrolled, unthinking, instinctual, blind, unconditioned A surge of pain caused me to give an involuntary shudder.
unintentional voluntary, deliberate, intentional, planned, purposed, calculated, wilful, volitional

2. compulsory, forced, mandatory, required, binding, imperative, obligatory, requisite, de rigueur (French) Involuntary repatriations began this week.

Collins Thesaurus of the English Language – Complete and Unabridged 2nd Edition. 2002 © HarperCollins Publishers 1995, 2002

involuntary

adjective

Acting or happening without apparent forethought, prompting, or planning:

automatic, impulsive, instinctive, reflex, spontaneous, unpremeditated.

The American Heritage® Roget's Thesaurus. Copyright © 2013, 2014 by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. Published by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. All rights reserved.

Translations

لا إرادي، لا إخْتِياري

bezděčnýnedobrovolný

ufrivillig

unfreiwillig

involontaire

ósjálfráîur

involontarioinvolontariamente

nevalingainevalingas

negribētsnetīšs

ufrivilliguvilkårlig

istemeden

无意识的

involuntary

[ɪnˈvɒləntərɪ] ADJ → involuntario

Collins Spanish Dictionary - Complete and Unabridged 8th Edition 2005 © William Collins Sons & Co. Ltd. 1971, 1988 © HarperCollins Publishers 1992, 1993, 1996, 1997, 2000, 2003, 2005

involuntary

[ɪnˈvɒləntəri] adj → involontaire

Collins English/French Electronic Resource. © HarperCollins Publishers 2005

involuntary

adj → unbeabsichtigt, ungewollt; repatriation → unfreiwillig; shudder, muscle movement etc → unwillkürlich; I found myself an involuntary listener/guest → ich wurde zum unfreiwilligen Zuhörer/Gast; involuntary manslaughter (Jur) → fahrlässige Tötung

Collins German Dictionary – Complete and Unabridged 7th Edition 2005. © William Collins Sons & Co. Ltd. 1980 © HarperCollins Publishers 1991, 1997, 1999, 2004, 2005, 2007

involuntary

[ɪnˈvɒlənt/ərɪ] adj → involontario/a

Collins Italian Dictionary 1st Edition © HarperCollins Publishers 1995

involuntary

(inˈvoləntəri) adjective

(of an action etc) not intentional. He gave an involuntary cry. onwillekeurig لا إرادي، لا إخْتِياري неволен involuntário nedobrovolný; bezděčný unfreiwillig ufrivillig ακούσιοςinvoluntario tahtmatu غیر ارادی tahdoton involontaire לֹא רְצוֹנִי अस्वैच्छिक nehotičan önkéntelen disengaja ósjálfráður involontario 思わず知らずの 고의가 아닌 nevalingas netīšs; negribēts luar kawal onwillekeurigufrivillig, uvilkårligmimowolny غير ارادى involuntário involuntar непроизвольный neúmyselný nenameren nenameran ofrivillig, oavsiktlig ไม่ได้ตั้งใจ istemeden 不自主的 мимовільний, ненавмисний غیر اختیاری không cố ý 无意识的

inˈvoluntarily adverb

onwillekeurig لا إراديّا، لا إخْتِياريّاً неволно involuntariamente nedobrovolně unfreiwillig ufrivilligt ακούσιαinvoluntariamente tahtmatult بطور غیر ارادی tahdottomasti involontairement לֹא מֵרָצוֹן अनिच्छा से nehotično önkéntelenül secara tak disengaja ósjálfrátt involontariamente 思わず知らず 무심결에 nevalingai netīši; negribēti dengan luar kawal onwillekeurigufrivillig, uvilkårlig mimowolnie په غير ارادى ډول involuntariamente (în mod) involuntar непроизвольно neúmyselne nehote nenamerno ofrivilligt, oavsiktligt อย่างไม่ได้ตั้งใจ istemiyerek 不自主地 мимовільно, ненавмисно بے اختیارانہ một cách vô tình 非自愿地，不由自主地

Kernerman English Multilingual Dictionary © 2006-2013 K Dictionaries Ltd.

in·vol·un·tar·y

a. involuntario-a.

English-Spanish Medical Dictionary © Farlex 2012

involuntary

adj involuntario

English-Spanish/Spanish-English Medical Dictionary Copyright © 2006 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.