Multiple focal demyelinating plaques develop throughout the brain in MS Various symptoms, such as double vision, paresthesia, motor weakness, and hearing loss, can occur according to the loci of these plaques In the presence of
demyelinated plaques, which can affect the cochlear nerve and possibly more central auditory tracts, these developments may lead to sudden retrocochlear sensorineural hearing loss [2].
Several mechanisms have been suggested by Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation studies for dystonia, including transversely spreading ephactic activation originating the axon within the partially
demyelinated lesion at any level of motor fiber tracts, and axonal irritability secondary to releasing of inflammatory mediators (4,5).
A month later, the new cells had incorporated into the
demyelinated area where new myelin, the protein insulation that protects nerves, was being produced.
(2) JCV remains in a latent state within renal tubular epithelial cells until an immunosuppressive condition arises, and its reactivation results in lysis of oligodendrocytes, development of
demyelinated plaques, and leukoencephalopathic destruction.
This functional improvement correlated with a statistical decrease in
demyelinated lesions in the nervous system of cell treated animals compared to placebo as well as increased remyelination in cell treated animals, and this result has been confirmed in a second animal model of MS, suggesting that MultiStem treatment may accelerate the process of axonal remyelination.
At the meeting, representatives of Acorda said that dalfampridine improves conduction in
demyelinated axons.
Fampridine "improves conduction in
demyelinated axons," according to the manufacturer, Acorda Therapeutics Inc.
(19,20) CD8+ T-cells are concentrated in the recently
demyelinated core of active MS lesions, appear in small clusters, and express granzyme B in their cytotoxic granules, features that suggest an antigen-driven, cytotoxic process (unpublished data).
Toxic, epileptogenic side effects likely arise from the indiscriminate blockade of widely distributed and varied CNS [K.sub.v] channels rather than [K.sub.v] channels along
demyelinated nerve fibers.
Exposure to NO "has been shown to cause axonal degeneration or block axonal conduction, especially in axons that are physiologically active or
demyelinated....
Exposure to nitrous oxide "has been shown to cause axonal degeneration or block axonal conduction, especially in axons that are physiologically active or
demyelinated. These findings suggest that exposure to nitrous oxide may be an "'up-stream' or relatively early event within the axonal degenerative cascade," the investigators wrote.
As an acknowledgment of his painstaking, groundbreaking research on nerve fibers that have lost their protective myelin coat and become, in medical terms,
demyelinated, the American Academy of Neurology and the National Multiple Sclerosis Society awarded Dr.
