MPS is characterized by the accumulation of
glycosaminoglycans ("GAGs"), polysaccharides which are important for the modulation of cellCaetoCaecell signaling and the maintenance of tissue structure and function, in the lysosomes of cells.
Neurogenic locus notch homolog protein (NOTCH), nitric oxide synthetase (NOS), soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC), Cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP), tryptophan hydroxylase 1 (TPH 1), serotonin type 2B receptor (5HT2BR), phospholipase C (PLC), extracellular-signal regulated kinase (ERK), transforming growth factor (3 (TGFP), Receptor I (RI), Receptor II (RII), mother against decantaplegic homolog (Smad), smooth muscle actin ([alpha]SMA), non-muscle embryonic myosin (Smemb),
glycosaminoglycan (GAG), proteoglycan (PG), matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs).
Surface
glycosaminoglycan (GAG) layer maintains the integrity of the urothelium, tight junctions and urothelial permeability (28-30).
Accordingly, in our other project, which is currently underway, our aim is to examine target genes such as ChSy-1 and C4ST-1, enzymes responsible for the synthesis and elongation of the
glycosaminoglycan chain of biglycan proteoglycan.
Using this new system, ISCO scientists generated a healthy cartilage-specific matrix from human mesenchymal stem cells that had significantly higher viability and cartilage specific properties, including: proteoglycan, aggrecan, hyaluronic acid, and collagen II deposition and
glycosaminoglycan production.
Mucopolysaccharidosis (MPS) is composed of a group of rare inherited lysosomal storage disorders of the mucopolyssacharide, or
glycosaminoglycan (GAGs), metabolism.
[3] Possible causative factors are defect in
glycosaminoglycan (GAG) layer, dysregulated immune or inflammatory signals, neural hypersensitivity and pelvic floor dysfunction.
Meanwhile, chondroitin sulfate is a
glycosaminoglycan comprised of N-acetyl-galactosamine and glucuronic acid.
Delayed gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging of cartilage (dGEMRIC) enables noninvasive assessment of
glycosaminoglycan (GAG) content in cartilage.
Hyaluranon is a
glycosaminoglycan (essentialy a protein) widely found in connective, epithelial and neural tissues.
Ologen is composed of a porous matrix of cross-linked atelocollagen and
glycosaminoglycan. It contains thousands of microscopic pores and can induce fibroblast growth, leading to a minimal scarring and low immunogenicity healing process.
Electrospun fiber assembled hydrogel was also utilized for supplementation of
glycosaminoglycan enriched and mineralized cartilage [18].
