The study primary endpoints are neurodevelopment and safety, with secondary endpoints including behavior evaluations, quality of life, enzyme activity in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and plasma,
heparan sulfate levels in CSF, plasma and urine, and brain and liver volume.
Heparan sulfate proteoglycans as adhesive and anti-invasive molecules.
The effect of
heparan sulfate application on bone formation during distraction osteogenesis.
MPS II is a genetic lysosomal storage disease caused by deficiency of the iduronate-2-sulfatase enzyme which is needed to break down or recycle glycosaminoglycans dermatan sulfate and
heparan sulfate. Without IDS enzyme, the GAGs accumulate in nearly all organs and body tissues.
The basement membrane proteoglycans, namely a large agrin-LP (CGI_10007223) and
heparan sulfate proteoglycan (perlecan-LP, CGI_10025660), are expressed differently from other genes in oyster development.
Urinary GAG was elevated in all patients and increased dermatan sulfate and
heparan sulfate was seen in GAG electrophoresis of 9 patients.
Wismans et al., "Removal of
heparan sulfate from the glomerular basement membrane blocks protein passage," Journal of the American Society of Nephrology, vol.
Park et al., "Functions of cell surface
heparan sulfate proteoglycans," Annual Review of Biochemistry, vol.
Caruelle, "Pharmacological studies of RGTA(11), a
heparan sulfate mimetic polymer, efficient on muscle regeneration," Journal of Biomedical Materials Research, vol.
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Heparan sulfate.
Heparan sulfate has been identified in small amounts in the vitreous, and its role is to maintain adequate spacing between the collagen fibrils.
Heparan sulfate is present on the surface and in the extracellular matrix of all mammalian cells and serves as an attachment factor or anchor for a number of enveloped viruses such as herpes simplex virus [20], respiratory syncytial virus [21], human immunodeficiency virus [22], cytomegalovirus [23], Dengue virus [24], HBV [25], and HCV [26], as well as non-enveloped viruses such as human papillomavirus [27] and foot-and-mouth disease virus [28].
Syndecan is rich in
heparan sulfate and chondroitin sulfate chains.