Long-term dissemination of CTX-M-5-producing
hypermutable Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium sequence type 328 strains in Russia, Belarus, and Kazakhstan.
Amiche, "Antimicrobial peptides from hylid and ranin frogs originated from a 150-million-year-old ancestral precursor with a conserved signal peptide but a
hypermutable antimicrobial domain," European Journal of Biochemistry, vol.
Microsatellite instability (MSI) is a
hypermutable phenotype with a predisposition to genetic mutations due to a deficient mismatch repair (dMMR) system.
This results in microsatellite instability and can lead to a
hypermutable phenotype [96].
This finding indicates that the emergence of levofloxacin-resistant isolates likely occurred through spontaneous mutation of
hypermutable clones under selective pressure (8,14), and these clones then disseminated locally in each region.
Alterations in the MMR genes usually result in the accumulation of replication errors, resulting in a
hypermutable phenotype known as microsatellite instability (MSI), which occurs in a high percentage of Lynch syndrome tumors [9].
"To the contrary, disease-causing genes tend to be
hypermutable."
Hypermutable strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa with defects in the methyl directed mismatch repair (MMR) system are also being frequently isolated from the lungs of cystic fibrosis (CF) patients6,8.
Familial colorectal cancer in Askenazim due to a
hypermutable tract in APC.
[16] Ciofu O, Riis B, Pressler T, Poulsen HE, Hoiby N Occurrence of
hypermutable Pseudomonas aeruginosa in cystic fibrosis patients is associated with the oxidative stress caused by chronic lung inflammation.
Of note is that numerous mutations have been described in the BHD gene, most of which have been located within a
hypermutable 8 cytosine tract and result in a truncated form of folliculin.