The
hypogean fauna of the arid Pilbara bioregion of north-western Australia contains numerous radiations of different animal taxa including arachnids (e.g., Harvey & Edward 2007a, b; Harvey & Volschenk 2007; Edward & Harvey 2008; Harvey et al.
Behavioural, ventilatory and respiratory responses of epigean and
hypogean crustaceans to different temperatures.
Therefore, animals under selective pressures in
hypogean habitats have developed certain anatomic and physiological auditory specializations that enhance low frequency detection, which may include massive middle ear ossicles, loosening of their ligamentous attachments, large tympanic membranes and increased bullar volumes (Burda et al., 1990, 1992; Webster & Plassmann, 1992; Mason, 2001, 2004, 2016; Begall & Burda, 2006; Argyle & Mason, 2008; Schleich & Busch, 2004; Francescoli et al., 2012).
Fifteen species have been described in Brazil that have occurrence in
hypogean habitat (10 CR, 2 EN, and 3 VU), with 13 endangered species (Brasil 2015).
Long-term fasting and realimentation in
hypogean and epigean isopods: a proposed adaptive strategy for groundwater organisms.
Subterranean fishes of the world: An account of the subterranean (
hypogean) fishes described up to 2003 with a bibliography 1541-2004.
--, 2008.--Trichomycterus uisae: a new species of
hypogean catfish (Siluriformes: Trichomycteridae) from the northeastern Andean Cordillera of Colombia.
Caves are one of the subterranean habitats (among others like interstitial, hyporheic, mesovoid shallow substratum/milieu souterrain superficial--MSS, and a recent
hypogean habitat, named alluvial mesovoid shallow substratum) (JUBERTHIE; DECU, 1994; ORTUNO et al., 2013).
These populations were also attracted by the
hypogean or underground spaces of the island, such as Cueva de Gena, at which pottery and stone tools were recovered.
The second species was collected from a
hypogean environement in Weeki Wachee Springs State Park.
Gibert, "Sensitivity of epigean and
hypogean freshwater macroinvertebrates to complex mixtures.
