ribonucleic acid

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Related to ribonucleic acid: deoxyribonucleic acid, ATP

ri·bo·nu·cle·ic acid

(rī′bō-no͞o-klē′ĭk, -klā′-, -nyo͞o-)

See RNA.

[ribo(se) + nucleic acid.]

ribonucleic acid

(ˌraɪbəʊnjuːˈkliːɪk; -ˈkleɪ-)

(Biochemistry) the full name of RNA

[C20: from ribo(se) + nucleic acid]

RNA

ribonucleic acid: any of a class of single-stranded nucleic acid molecules of ribose and uracil, found chiefly in the cytoplasm of cells and in certain viruses; important in protein synthesis and in the transmission of genetic information transcribed from DNA. Compare messenger RNA, ribosomal RNA, transfer RNA.

[1945–50]

ri·bo·nu·cle·ic acid

(rī′bō-no͞o-klē′ĭk)

See RNA.

ribonucleic acid

1. (RNA) A molecule that transfers information essential for protein synthesis from DNA.

2. (RNA) Nucleic acids that help to produce proteins in living cells.

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Noun

ribonucleic acid - (biochemistry) a long linear polymer of nucleotides found in the nucleus but mainly in the cytoplasm of a cell where it is associated with microsomes; it transmits genetic information from DNA to the cytoplasm and controls certain chemical processes in the cell; "ribonucleic acid is the genetic material of some viruses"

RNA

biochemistry - the organic chemistry of compounds and processes occurring in organisms; the effort to understand biology within the context of chemistry

ribose - a pentose sugar important as a component of ribonucleic acid

adenine, A - (biochemistry) purine base found in DNA and RNA; pairs with thymine in DNA and with uracil in RNA

cytosine, C - a base found in DNA and RNA and derived from pyrimidine; pairs with guanine

informational RNA, messenger RNA, mRNA, template RNA - the template for protein synthesis; the form of RNA that carries information from DNA in the nucleus to the ribosome sites of protein synthesis in the cell

nRNA, nuclear RNA - ribonucleic acid found in the nucleolus of the cell

acceptor RNA, soluble RNA, transfer RNA, tRNA - RNA molecules present in the cell (in at least 20 varieties, each variety capable of combining with a specific amino acid) that attach the correct amino acid to the protein chain that is being synthesized at the ribosome of the cell (according to directions coded in the mRNA)

guanine, G - a purine base found in DNA and RNA; pairs with cytosine

nucleic acid - (biochemistry) any of various macromolecules composed of nucleotide chains that are vital constituents of all living cells

polymer - a naturally occurring or synthetic compound consisting of large molecules made up of a linked series of repeated simple monomers

U, uracil - a base containing nitrogen that is found in RNA (but not in DNA) and derived from pyrimidine; pairs with adenine

Translations

Ribonukleinsäure

ácido ribonucleico

ribonukleiinihappo

acide ribonucléique

acido ribonucleico

リボ核酸

리보핵산

kwas rybonukleinowy

рибонуклеиновая кислота

ribonukleinsyra

ribonucleic acid

n → Ribonukleinsäure f

ribonucleic acid (RNA)

n ácido ribonucleico (ARN)

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References in periodicals archive ?

Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction was used to find the differences of micro ribonucleic acid 34-a between metastatic neuroblastoma and primary tumours.

MiR-34-a acts as a suppressor in neuroblastoma progression by targeting CD44

They contain ribonucleic acid (RNA) molecules which travel directly from the tumour and can be used to work out which genes are turned on and off in an individual's cancer.

Test for cancer unveiled

This article describes the characterization of 4 double-stranded ribonucleic acid segments, S1, S2, S3, and S4, of a newly identified pathogenic reovirus from parrots.

Avian Dis.: Sequence analysis of four double-stranded RNA genomic segments reveals an orthoreovirus with a unique genotype infecting psittaciformes

Niu of the Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research, New York, found that the presence of ribonucleic acid is critical for the formation of specialized tissues.

Science past: from Science News Letter, September 13, 1958

They are useful when it is either not possible or desirable to isolate the probe-target hybrids from an excess of the hybridization probes, such as in the real-time monitoring of PCRs in sealed tubes or when detecting ribonucleic acid within living cells.

Consider a 10-hour real-time PCR technique for detecting Salmonella in ready-to-eat meats

A specialist in advanced Ribonucleic acid (RNA) interference based research services, Cenix BioScience can provide clients predictive insights into the cellular functions of analysed genes, with the Spotfire enterprise analytics, so they can make the quality of therapeutic drug discovery and development quicker.

Cenix BioScience using TIBCO Spotfire DXP 2.0 enterprise analytics platform for research

The problem is the cold is a spectrum of symptoms caused by more than 200 viruses, with the main culprit a cluster of ribonucleic acid called a rhinovirus, that evolved from a stomach bug.

Guess what, girls

Toscana virus is a ribonucleic acid envelope virus from the family Bunyaviridae and genus Phlebovirus.

Toscana virus identified in southern France sandflies

According to Purdue, these so-called nanoparticles, which are assembled from three short pieces of ribonucleic acid (RNA), resemble miniature triangles.

RNA-based cancer strategy

Consider ribonucleic acid (RNA), which often carries instructions to cells telling them how to assemble amino acids into a specific protein.

King of codes

Total hepatic messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) was extracted using affinity columns (Qiagen) from adult male sheepshead minnows treated by aqueous exposure to either 65.

Expression profiling of estrogenic compounds using a sheepshead minnow cDNA macroarray. (Article)

This new model is proof that large protein ribonucleic acid (RNA) complexes can be predicted on a computer, which opens up the possibility for rapidly modeling ribosomes from a variety of organisms.