ribonucleic acid

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Related to ribonucleic acid: deoxyribonucleic acid, ATP

ri·bo·nu·cle·ic acid

(rī′bō-no͞o-klē′ĭk, -klā′-, -nyo͞o-)

See RNA.

[ribo(se) + nucleic acid.]

ribonucleic acid

(ˌraɪbəʊnjuːˈkliːɪk; -ˈkleɪ-)

(Biochemistry) the full name of RNA

[C20: from ribo(se) + nucleic acid]

RNA

ribonucleic acid: any of a class of single-stranded nucleic acid molecules of ribose and uracil, found chiefly in the cytoplasm of cells and in certain viruses; important in protein synthesis and in the transmission of genetic information transcribed from DNA. Compare messenger RNA, ribosomal RNA, transfer RNA.

[1945–50]

ri·bo·nu·cle·ic acid

(rī′bō-no͞o-klē′ĭk)

See RNA.

ribonucleic acid

1. (RNA) A molecule that transfers information essential for protein synthesis from DNA.

2. (RNA) Nucleic acids that help to produce proteins in living cells.

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Noun

ribonucleic acid - (biochemistry) a long linear polymer of nucleotides found in the nucleus but mainly in the cytoplasm of a cell where it is associated with microsomes; it transmits genetic information from DNA to the cytoplasm and controls certain chemical processes in the cell; "ribonucleic acid is the genetic material of some viruses"

RNA

biochemistry - the organic chemistry of compounds and processes occurring in organisms; the effort to understand biology within the context of chemistry

ribose - a pentose sugar important as a component of ribonucleic acid

adenine, A - (biochemistry) purine base found in DNA and RNA; pairs with thymine in DNA and with uracil in RNA

cytosine, C - a base found in DNA and RNA and derived from pyrimidine; pairs with guanine

informational RNA, messenger RNA, mRNA, template RNA - the template for protein synthesis; the form of RNA that carries information from DNA in the nucleus to the ribosome sites of protein synthesis in the cell

nRNA, nuclear RNA - ribonucleic acid found in the nucleolus of the cell

acceptor RNA, soluble RNA, transfer RNA, tRNA - RNA molecules present in the cell (in at least 20 varieties, each variety capable of combining with a specific amino acid) that attach the correct amino acid to the protein chain that is being synthesized at the ribosome of the cell (according to directions coded in the mRNA)

guanine, G - a purine base found in DNA and RNA; pairs with cytosine

nucleic acid - (biochemistry) any of various macromolecules composed of nucleotide chains that are vital constituents of all living cells

polymer - a naturally occurring or synthetic compound consisting of large molecules made up of a linked series of repeated simple monomers

U, uracil - a base containing nitrogen that is found in RNA (but not in DNA) and derived from pyrimidine; pairs with adenine

Translations

Ribonukleinsäure

ácido ribonucleico

ribonukleiinihappo

acide ribonucléique

acido ribonucleico

リボ核酸

리보핵산

kwas rybonukleinowy

рибонуклеиновая кислота

ribonukleinsyra

ribonucleic acid

n → Ribonukleinsäure f

ribonucleic acid (RNA)

n ácido ribonucleico (ARN)

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References in periodicals archive ?

Up-regulated or down-regulated micro ribonucleic acids (miRNAs) have been found in many types of cancers.

Expression of miR-100 as a novel ancillary non-invasive biomarker for early detection of bladder carcinoma

Test was performed using human epithelial type 2 to verify cytoplasmic reactivity of anti-aminoacyl-transfer ribonucleic acid synthetase antibodies.

The Association of Anti-Aminoacyl-Transfer Ribonucleic Acid Synthetase Antibodies in Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis and Interstitial Lung Disease

For the first time, researchers have identified a long non-coding ribonucleic acid (ncRNA) that regulates genes controlling the ability of heart cells to undergo repair or regeneration.

Repairing Damaged Hearts with Self-Healing Heart Cells

According to the company, Ampligen is the trade name in the US for rintatolimod, which is a member of a new class of specifically-configured ribonucleic acid (RNA) compounds targeted as potential treatment of diseases with immunologic defects and/or viral causation.

Hemispherx ships first lot of rintatolimod (Ampligen) for sale to EAP in Europe

Jianhui Shi, MD, PhD, and colleagues investigate the diagnostic sensitivity of ribonucleic acid in situ hybridization in the detection of expression of these biomarkers in lung adenocarcinomas and compare it to immunohistochemical techniques.

The Pulmonary Pathology Society's Future: Busy and Bright

APN401 is an individual adoptive cell therapy in which human peripheral blood mononuclear cells are silenced ex- vivo for Cbl-b (an E3 ubiquitin ligase) using small interfering ribonucleic acid (siRNA), thereby activating them to fight cancer more efficiently.

APEIRON AND COLUMBIA UNIV. SIGN LICENSE AGREEMENT

Austin, TX, October 03, 2015 --(PR.com)-- Ribonucleic Acid or RNA is a molecule critical to biology because it is behind the coding, regulation and expression of genes.

Regulate Gene Expression with Altogen Labs RNAi Technology

The complex feline coronavirus is particularly challenging, he says, explaining that RNA viruses, those with ribonucleic acid as their genetic material such as influenza and measles, "always have a narrow window on how they adapt to the environment or an animal, but the coronavirus has a much more open window to move into different territories --different species and different tissues."

Cornell pursues the elusive coronavirus that triggers FIP

A RNA virus is one that has ribonucleic acid (RNA) as its genetic material.

Visayas Newsbits for November 11, 2014

Researchers at Duke Health recently discovered through genetic tests on ribonucleic acid (RNA) that 60 genes are responsible for individual response to aspirin--a concept they call an "aspirin response signature." Using this information as a biomarker, the researchers were able to determine, with a simple blood test, how much aspirin a person needs to "thin" their blood--or even if aspirin will work at all.

Aspirin protects some hearts better than others: it's in the genes. A biomarker can predict a person's response to this potentially lifesaving medication

Among the non-drinkers studied, 46 percent had an early virologic response; 26 percent had no detectable serum hepatitis C virus (HCV) ribonucleic acid at week 20; 22 percent had no detectable serum at week 48; and 11 percent had a sustained virologic response.