till

till ¹

 (tĭl)

tr.v. tilled, till·ing, tills

To prepare (land) for the raising of crops, as by plowing and harrowing; cultivate.

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[Middle English tillen, from Old English tilian.]

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till′a·ble adj.

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till ²

 (tĭl)

prep.

Until.

conj.

Until.

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[Middle English, from Old English til, from Old Norse.]

Usage Note: Till and until are generally interchangeable in both writing and speech, though as the first word in a sentence until is usually preferred: Until you get that paper written, don't even think about going to the movies. · Till is actually the older word, with until having been formed by the addition to it of the prefix un-, meaning "up to." In the 1700s, the spelling 'till became fashionable, as if till were a shortened form of until. Although 'till is now nonstandard, 'til is sometimes used in this way and is considered acceptable, though it is etymologically incorrect.

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till ³

 (tĭl)

n.

1. A drawer, small chest, or compartment for money, as in a store.

2. A supply of money; a purse.

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[Middle English tille.]

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till ⁴

 (tĭl)

n.

Glacial drift composed of an unconsolidated, heterogeneous mixture of clay, sand, pebbles, cobbles, and boulders.

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[Origin unknown.]

American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fifth Edition. Copyright © 2016 by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. Published by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. All rights reserved.

till

(tɪl)

conj, prep

1. Also (not standard): 'til short for until

2. Scot to; towards

3. dialect in order that: come here till I tell you.

[Old English til; related to Old Norse til to, Old High German zil goal, aim]

Usage: Till is a variant of until that is acceptable at all levels of language. Until is, however, often preferred at the beginning of a sentence in formal writing: until his behaviour improves, he cannot become a member

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till

(tɪl)

vb (tr)

1. (Agriculture) to cultivate and work (land) for the raising of crops

2. (Agriculture) another word for plough

[Old English tilian to try, obtain; related to Old Frisian tilia to obtain, Old Saxon tilōn to obtain, Old High German zilōn to hasten towards]

ˈtillable adj

ˈtiller n

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till

(tɪl)

n

(Commerce) a box, case, or drawer into which the money taken from customers is put, now usually part of a cash register

[C15 tylle, of obscure origin]

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till

(tɪl)

n

(Geological Science) an unstratified glacial deposit consisting of rock fragments of various sizes. The most common is boulder clay

[C17: of unknown origin]

Collins English Dictionary – Complete and Unabridged, 12th Edition 2014 © HarperCollins Publishers 1991, 1994, 1998, 2000, 2003, 2006, 2007, 2009, 2011, 2014

till¹

(tɪl)

prep.

1. up to the time of; until: to fight till death.

2. before (used in negative constructions): They didn't come till today.

3. before; to: My watch says ten till four.

4. Chiefly Scot. to.

conj.

5. until.

[before 900; Middle English; Old English (north) til < Old Norse til to, akin to Old English till fixed point, Old High German zil goal, Gothic til opportunity. compare till²]

usage: till and until are both very old in the language and are interchangeable as both prepositions and conjunctions: It rained till (or until) nearly midnight. The savannah remained brown until (or till) the rains began. till is not a shortened form of until and is not spelled 'till. 'til is usu. considered a spelling error, though commonly used in business and advertising: Open 'til ten.

till²

(tɪl)

v.t.

1. to labor, as by plowing or harrowing, upon (land) for the raising of crops; cultivate.

v.i.

2. to cultivate the soil.

[before 900; Middle English tilen, Old English tilian to strive after, get, till; c. Old Frisian tilia to cultivate, Old Saxon tilian to attain, Old High German zilēn, zilōn to hasten; akin to till¹]

till³

(tɪl)

n.

1. a drawer, box, or the like, in which money is kept, as in a shop.

2. a drawer, tray, or the like, as in a cabinet, chest, or desk, for keeping valuables.

[1425–75; late Middle English tylle < Anglo-French, of uncertain orig.]

till⁴

(tɪl)

n.

glacial drift consisting of an unsorted mixture of clay, sand, gravel, and boulders.

[1665–75; orig. uncertain]

Random House Kernerman Webster's College Dictionary, © 2010 K Dictionaries Ltd. Copyright 2005, 1997, 1991 by Random House, Inc. All rights reserved.

till

(tĭl)

A mass of boulders, pebbles, sand, and mud scraped up by a moving glacier and deposited either by the glacier's movement or by its melting.

The American Heritage® Student Science Dictionary, Second Edition. Copyright © 2014 by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. Published by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. All rights reserved.

until

– till

Until and till can be prepositions or conjunctions. There is no difference in meaning between until and till. Till is more common in conversation, and is not used in formal writing.

1. used as prepositions

If you do something until or till a particular time, you stop doing it at that time.

He continued to teach until his death in 1960.

I said I'd work till 4 p.m.

If you want to emphasize that something does not stop before the time you mention, you can use up until, up till, or up to.

Up until 1950 coal provided over 90% of our energy needs.

Eleanor had not up till then taken part in the discussion.

Up to now they've had very little money.

If something does not happen until or till a particular time, it does not happen before that time.

Details will not be available until January.

We didn't get back till two.

2. used with 'after'

You can use until or till with phrases beginning with after.

He decided to wait until after Christmas to propose to Gertrude.

We didn't get home till after midnight.

Be Careful!
Don't use 'until' or 'till' to say that something will have happened before a particular time. Don't say, for example, 'The work will be finished until four o'clock'. You say 'The work will be finished by four o'clock'.

By 8.05 the groups were ready.

Total sales reached 1 million by 2010.

3. used with 'from'

From is often used with until or till to say when something finishes and ends.

The ticket office will be open from 10.00am until 1.00pm.

They worked from dawn till dusk.

In sentences like these, you can use to instead of 'until' or 'till'. Some American speakers also use through.

Open daily 1000-1700 from 23rd March to 3rd November.

I was in college from 1985 through 1990.

Be Careful!
You only use until or till when you are talking about time. Don't use these words to talk about position. Don't say, for example, 'She walked until the post office'. You say 'She walked as far as the post office'.

They drove as far as the Cantabrian mountains.

4. used as conjunctions

Instead of a noun phrase, you can use a subordinate clause after until or till. You often use the present simple in the subordinate clause.

They concentrate on one language until they go to university.

Stay here with me till help comes.

You can also use the present perfect in the subordinate clause.

I'll wait here until you have had your breakfast.

When you are talking about events in the past, you use the past simple or the past perfect in the subordinate clause.

The plan remained secret until it was exposed by the press.

He continued watching until I had driven off in my car.

Be Careful!
Don't use a future form in the subordinate clause. Don't say, for example 'Stay here with me till help will come' or 'I'll wait here until you will have had your breakfast'.

Collins COBUILD English Usage © HarperCollins Publishers 1992, 2004, 2011, 2012

till

Past participle: tilled
Gerund: tilling

Imperative

till

till

Collins English Verb Tables © HarperCollins Publishers 2011

till

1. cash register

2. Sediment dumped by a glacier.

Dictionary of Unfamiliar Words by Diagram Group Copyright © 2008 by Diagram Visual Information Limited

Thesaurus

Noun	1.	till - unstratified soil deposited by a glacier; consists of sand and clay and gravel and boulders mixed together boulder clay dirt, soil - the part of the earth's surface consisting of humus and disintegrated rock
	2.	till - a treasury for government funds   public treasury, trough exchequer, treasury - the funds of a government or institution or individual
	3.	till - a strongbox for holding cash   cashbox, money box cash register, register - a cashbox with an adding machine to register transactions; used in shops to add up the bill deedbox, strongbox - a strongly made box for holding money or valuables; can be locked
Verb	1.	till - work land as by ploughing, harrowing, and manuring, in order to make it ready for cultivation; "till the soil" farming, husbandry, agriculture - the practice of cultivating the land or raising stock work on, work, process - shape, form, or improve a material; "work stone into tools"; "process iron"; "work the metal" plow, plough, turn - to break and turn over earth especially with a plow; "Farmer Jones plowed his east field last week"; "turn the earth in the Spring" hoe - dig with a hoe; "He is hoeing the flower beds"

Based on WordNet 3.0, Farlex clipart collection. © 2003-2012 Princeton University, Farlex Inc.

till

¹

verb cultivate, dig, plough, work, turn over freshly tilled fields

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till

²

noun cash register, cash box, cash drawer He checked the register. There was money in the till.

Collins Thesaurus of the English Language – Complete and Unabridged 2nd Edition. 2002 © HarperCollins Publishers 1995, 2002

till

verb

To prepare (soil) for the planting and raising of crops:

cultivate, culture, dress, tend, work.

The American Heritage® Roget's Thesaurus. Copyright © 2013, 2014 by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. Published by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. All rights reserved.

Translations

ploeg

إِلَى أَنْحَتّىحَتَّىحرثدُرْجُ النُّقُود

pokladnadodokudteprveaž

indtilkasseapparattil

bisKasseLadenkassepflügen

έως ότουμέχρισυρτάρι εισπράξεων

hastahasta (que)hasta queararcaja registradora

astiennen kuinkassakunneskyntää

caissejusqu'àlabourerjusqu’à

blagajnadodok

peningakassitil, òar/òangaî til

ararecassafinchéfino aforziere

･･･する時まで･･･までレジ

...까지~까지현금 서랍

kamērkases aparātslīdz

kassaploegentot

(helt) tilinntilpengeskrinpengeskuff

ażaż dodo (czasu)kasa sklepowa

araratéaté quecaixa registadoracaixa registradora

докассапока

dodoklerdoslejročna blagajna

kassatills

กล่องหรือลิ้นชักเก็บเงินจนกระทั่งจนกว่าจนกว่า จนกระทั่ง

e kadar-e kadarkadarkasapara çekmecesi

cho đếncho đến khicho tới khingăn kéo để tiền

放钱的柜子或抽屉直到直到...为止钱柜

till

¹ [tɪl] VT (Agr) [+ land, soil] → cultivar, labrar

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till

³ [tɪl] N (for money) (= drawer) → cajón m; (= machine) → caja f, caja f registradora
they caught him with his hand or fingers in the till → lo cogieron robando (dentro de la empresa )

Collins Spanish Dictionary - Complete and Unabridged 8th Edition 2005 © William Collins Sons & Co. Ltd. 1971, 1988 © HarperCollins Publishers 1992, 1993, 1996, 1997, 2000, 2003, 2005

till

[ˈtɪl]

n → caisse f, caisse f enregistreuse
long queues at the tills → de longues queues aux caisses

vt [+ land] → labourer
freshly tilled fields → des champs fraîchement labourés

prep → jusqu'à
I waited till ten o'clock → J'ai attendu jusqu'à dix heures.
not ... till → pas ... avant
It won't be ready till next week → Ça ne sera pas prêt avant la semaine prochaine.
Till last year I'd never been to France → Avant l'année dernière, je n'étais jamais allé en France.
till now → jusqu'à présent
till then → jusque-là

conj = until

Collins English/French Electronic Resource. © HarperCollins Publishers 2005

till

²

n (Brit: = cash register) → Kasse f; (= drawer, in bank) → Geldkasse f, → Geldkasten m; (in shop) → Ladenkasse f; pay at the till → an der Kasse bezahlen; to be caught with one’s hand in the till (fig) → beim Griff in die Kasse ertappt werden

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till

³

vt (Agr) → bestellen

Collins German Dictionary – Complete and Unabridged 7th Edition 2005. © William Collins Sons & Co. Ltd. 1980 © HarperCollins Publishers 1991, 1997, 1999, 2004, 2005, 2007

till

² [tɪl] n (for money) → cassa, registratore m di cassa

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till

³ [tɪl] vt (land) → coltivare

Collins Italian Dictionary 1st Edition © HarperCollins Publishers 1995

till¹

(til) preposition, conjunction

to the time of or when. I'll wait till six o'clock; Go on till you reach the station. totdat حَتّى до(като) até až (do) bis til; indtil ωσότου, ώσπου να hasta kuni, seni kui تا؛ تا اینکه saakka jusqu'àעד जब, जब तक do, dok -ig (időben); (a)míg sampai til, þar/þangað til fino, finché ～まで (~)까지 iki, kol līdz; kamēr sampai; sehingga tottildo تر، تر هغه وخت، تر څو até până (ce) до; пока až (do) do; dokler ne do till, tills จนกระทั่ง ...-e kadar 直到...為止 до; доти, поки تک، جب تک cho tới khi 直到...为止

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till²

(til) noun

(in a shop etc) a container or drawer in which money is put and registered. kassier دُرْج النُّقود، حاوِيَة حِفْظ النُّقود каса caixa pokladna die Ladenkasse kasseapparat συρτάρι ταμείου, ταμειακή μηχανήcaja seif, kassa دخل kassalipas caisse מְגֵירַת כֶּסֶף ड्राइवर, जब ladica za novac, ladica blagajne kassza laci uang peningakassi cassa 現金入れ 현금 서랍 kasa kases aparāts laci duit geldladekasse, pengeskuffkasa دپيسو سندو خچه ( په دكانو كې caixa (sertar de la) casă денежныи ящик, касса pokladňa ročna blagajna kasa kassalåda, -apparat กล่องหรือลิ้นชักเก็บเงินหรือของมีค่า kasa, para çekmecesi (櫃臺中)放錢的抽屜 ,錢櫃 шухляда для грошей, каса پيسہ رکنے کي صندوق ngăn kéo để tiền 放钱的柜子或抽屉

Kernerman English Multilingual Dictionary © 2006-2013 K Dictionaries Ltd.

till

→ إِلَى أَنْ, حَتَّى, دُرْجُ النُّقُود do, dokud, pokladna, teprve indtil, kasseapparat, til bis, Kasse έως ότου, μέχρι, συρτάρι εισπράξεων caja registradora, hasta, hasta que asti, ennen kuin, kassa, kunnes caisse, jusqu’à, jusqu'à blagajna, do, dok cassa, finché, fino a ･･･する時まで, ･･･まで, レジ ...까지, ~까지, 현금 서랍 kassa, tot inntil, pengeskrin, (helt) til, til aż, aż do, do (czasu), kasa sklepowa até, até que, caixa registadora, caixa registradora до, касса, пока kassa, tills กล่องหรือลิ้นชักเก็บเงิน, จนกระทั่ง, จนกว่า, จนกว่า จนกระทั่ง e kadar, kadar, yazar kasa cho đến, cho đến khi, cho tới khi, ngăn kéo để tiền 直到, 钱柜

Multilingual Translator © HarperCollins Publishers 2009