zalcitabine

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zal·ci·ta·bine

(zăl′sĭ-tə-bīn′)

A nucleoside analog antiviral drug that inhibits the replication of retroviruses such as HIV by interfering with the enzyme reverse transcriptase. Also called ddC.

[zal- (perhaps alteration of (de)s- variant of de- + al(cohol), from the missing hydroxyl groups of cytidine) + -citabine, nucleoside analog antiviral and anticancer drug suff. (from shortening and alteration of cytarabine, an anticancer drug, blend of cytosine arabinoside, compound containing arabinose).]

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Noun

zalcitabine - an antiviral drug used to combat HIV infection

DDC, dideoxycytosine

antiviral, antiviral agent, antiviral drug - any drug that destroys viruses

Translations

zalcitabine

n zalcitabina

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References in periodicals archive ?

Several cases of ototoxicity have been reported in HIV infected patients treated with zalcitabine (Martinez and French, 1993); didanosine (Colebunders, Dipraetere, Van Wanzeele, and Van Gehuchten, 1998); zidovudine and didanosine (Christensen et al, 1998); stavudine, lamivudine, didanosine and hydroxyurea (Simdon et al, 2001); and post exposure prophylaxis with stavudine, lamivudine and nevirapine (Rey et al, 2002).

Effect of anti-retroviral therapy (ART) on hearing in HIV positive patients

Peripheral neuropathy is mainly seen with stavudine, didanosine, and zalcitabine. [22] These inhibit nerve growth factor and result in neuropathy 1.3-22.3% of prevalence has been documented.

Adverse drug events due to antiretroviral therapy in a northern Indian tertiary care institution

Combination and monotherapy with zidovudine and zalcitabine in patients with advanced HIV disease.

Safety profile of antiretroviral therapy: an urgent need for monitoring

LHON following the introduction of the strongly mitochondrial toxic nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) zidovudine, stavudine and zalcitabine (ddC) has previously been reported in patients with the mitochondrial mutations 11778G>A and 14484T>C.

Antiretroviral therapy-induced Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy

Stavudine is the first four approved for marketing the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections following zidovudine, hydroxy glycosides, and go after zalcitabine by the U.S.

Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometric assay for determination of stavudine in human plasma

Zalcitabine (37) is another useful drug and is given in combination with Zidovudine [87].

Significance and biological importance of pyrimidine in the microbial world

NRTIs include lamivudine (Epivir), Combivir (AZT/3TC) and Hivid (Zalcitabine, ddC).

HIV/AIDS

This analysis also assessed the impact of five individual nucleoside antiretrovirals on development of cardiomyopathy--Retrovir (zidovudine), Videx (didanosine), Zerit (stavudine), Ziagen (abacavir), and Hivid (zalcitabine) (Hivid is no longer used).

Combination antiretrovirals halve rate of cardiomyopathy in children with HIV

The drugs documented to most often be associated with pill esophagitis in HIV are zidovudine (azidothymidine), zalcitabine, and doxycycline.

Human immunodeficiency virus-related gastrointestinal pathology: a southern Africa perspective with review of the literature (Part 2: neoplasms and noninfectious disorders)

([dagger]) Patient was receiving monotherapy with zalcitabine. ([double dagger]) Patient was receiving dual therapy with stavudine and ritonavir.

Hepatitis E virus infection in HIV-infected persons

Damage to the parts of the nervous system that carry information throughout the body (i.e., peripheral neuropathy) is another complication of chronic alcohol abuse and, given their neuropathic side effects, limits the use of the NRTIs zalcitabine and stavudine in alcoholics (Moyle and Sadler 1998).

Alcohol's role in HIV transmission and disease progression

(48-50) Similar presentations can occur with other nucleoside analog reverse transcriptase inhibitors, such as didanosine, lamivudine, and zalcitabine. (51-53) In reverse transcriptase inhibitor myopathy, serum CK levels are usually normal or only slightly elevated.