Major cities located within 10 km of potential reassortment hotspots are Benha, Cairo, Dumyat, El Faiyum, and Shibin el Kom, which could be prioritized for increased surveillance to detect reassortment events and prevent spread.
In Egypt, our results support increased surveillance of backyard flocks near Benha, Cairo, Dumyat, El Faiyum, Shibin el Kom, and Tanta, where suitability for subtypes H5N1 and H3N2 is predicted to be high.