Human
enterovirus 71 (EV71) is a single-stranded, positive-sense RNA virus belonging to the
enterovirus genus of the Picornaviridae family, first identified in 1969 in the United States (Nasri et al.
Signs of
enterovirus infection by 12 months of age were associated with the appearance of type 1 diabetes-associated autoimmunity among children exposed to cow's milk before 3 months of age, but not among those in whom the first exposure to cow's milk was after 3 months of age.
The same viruses present in human wastewater are commonly detected in groundwater: adenovirus,
enterovirus, hepatitis A virus, norovirus, and rotavirus.
EV-71 is a more virulent form of
enterovirus, a group of viruses second only to the common cold viruses, the rhinoviruses, as the most common viral infectious agents in humans.
Manila: The palace belied reports that the deadly
enterovirus 71 has already reached the Philippines while stressing that the government is nevertheless taking precautions against the entry of the disease that killed more than 56 Cambodian children.
The magnitude of an epidemic of conjunctivitis in 2010 in Tanzania can be directly linked to
enterovirus 70 and coxsackievirus A24.
Results of viral cultures (herpes simplex virus, cytomegalovirus, varicella zoster virus, and
enterovirus) of the frontal lobe, lung, and CSF were negative.
Patients with type 1 diabetes are almost 10 times more likely to be infected with
enterovirus than are individuals without diabetes, based on the first meta-analysis of studies using molecular diagnosis of the virus.
They reviewed 26 sets of research involving 4,448 patients and concluded, "The association between
enterovirus infection, detected with molecular methods, and diabetes was strong, with almost 10 times the odds of
enterovirus infection in children at diagnosis of Type 1 diabetes," reports the BBC.
Although unconfirmed, aerosol transmission is suspected of causing the
enterovirus 71 epidemic which caused 78 deaths in Taiwan in 1998 as well as later outbreaks there (Ho et al., 1999; Lin et al., 2002).
Summary: Macao, May 25, 2010, SPA -- Macao&'s Health Bureau Monday reported one newly confirmed
enterovirus 71 (EV71) case at a local creche, bringing the total number of such cases to 15 so far.