gy·rus

(jī′rəs)

n. pl. gy·ri (-rī′)

A rounded ridge, as on the surfaces of the cerebral hemispheres.

[Latin gȳrus, circle; see gyre.]

American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fifth Edition. Copyright © 2016 by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. Published by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. All rights reserved.

gyrus

(ˈdʒaɪrəs)

n, pl gyri (ˈdʒaɪraɪ)

another name for convolution³

[C19: from Latin; see gyre]

Collins English Dictionary – Complete and Unabridged, 12th Edition 2014 © HarperCollins Publishers 1991, 1994, 1998, 2000, 2003, 2006, 2007, 2009, 2011, 2014

gy•rus

(ˈdʒaɪ rəs)

n., pl. gy•ri (ˈdʒaɪ raɪ)

a convoluted fold of the brain.

[1835–45; < Latin gȳrus; see gyre]

ThesaurusAntonymsRelated WordsSynonymsLegend:

Noun

gyrus - a convex fold or elevation in the surface of the brain

convolution

anatomical structure, bodily structure, body structure, complex body part, structure - a particular complex anatomical part of a living thing; "he has good bone structure"

frontal gyrus - any of the convolutions of the outer surface of the frontal lobe of the cerebrum

temporal gyrus - any of the convolutions of the outer surface of the temporal lobe of the cerebrum

parietal gyrus - any of the convolutions of the outer surface of the parietal lobe of the cerebrum

occipital gyrus - any of the convolutions of the outer surface of the occipital lobe of the cerebrum

cerebrum - anterior portion of the brain consisting of two hemispheres; dominant part of the brain in humans

central gyrus - either of two gyri on either side of the central sulcus

Translations

gy·rus

n. L. circunvolución, porción elevada de la corteza cerebral;

Broca's ___ → ___ de Broca, tercera, frontal inferior;

frontal, superior ___ → ___ frontal superior;

inferior, lateral occipital ___ → ___ occipital inferior lateral;

superior occipital ___ → ___ occipital superior.

English-Spanish Medical Dictionary © Farlex 2012

Mentioned in

References in periodicals archive

Compared with the normal elderlies, ReHo values decreased in aMCI patients in the left temporal lobe (middle temporal gyrus and inferior temporal gyrus), left parahippocampal gyrus, occipital lobe, lingual gyrus, precuneus, and other regions (P<0.05; Figure 3, Table 1), while ReHo values increased in the right side frontal lobe (inferior frontal gyrus), left superior temporal gyrus, precentral gyrus (frontal lobe), right thalamus, the left fusiform gyrus, and other regions (P<0.05; Figure 4, Table 2).

A study on changes of the resting-state brain function network in patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment

Participants' brain activation while correctly remembering names was significantly greater in four brain cortical regions (including the middle frontal gyrus, inferior temporal gryus, middle temporal gyrus, and fusiform gyrus) after exercise compared to after rest.

Exercise activates memory neural networks in older adults: study

Many studies revealed that these drugs increase neurogenesis in dentate gyrus of hippocampus and this may contribute to their therapeutic effect.

Detecting the neurogenesis effect of erythropoietin and galantamine in the dentate gyrus and spatial memory in Alzheimer's experimental rat model

Katsel, Ph.D., from the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai in New York City, and colleagues examined IRSP and endothelial cell markers in the parahippocampal gyrus of 30 controls, 19 individuals with AD, and 34 individuals with AD and type 2 diabetes (T2D) who had been treated with anti-diabetic drugs.

Abnormalities in Genes Linked to IRSP in Alzheimer's Disease; Abnormalities, reductions in gene expression associated with insulin receptor signaling pathway

For many years, memory loss was treated as a singular disorder, but now scientists realized that Alzheimer's disease begins in a part of the brain called the entorhinal cortex, which lies at the foot of the hippocampus while the age-related memory loss, a far more common memory disorder, began within the hippocampus itself, in a region called the dentate gyrus.

Exercises may improve memory through bone hormone

They highlight the importance of additional neuropsychological deficits to visual present in lesions of the aforementioned areas, also showing that anomia and some memory impairments are related to lesions in the lower occipital rotation in the lingual gyrus in hippocampus and injuries of some major white matter tracts.

Correlatos neuroanatomicos de la anomia: revision de tema

After variance analyses (with Alphasim correction) on the whole brain's grey matter volume with two groups' imaging data, it was found that compared to the control group, the grey matter volume of the patient group increased in the left superior frontal gyrus (t=4.41), and decreased in the left occipital gyrus (t=-4.27), lingual gyrus (t=-4.55) and upper cerebellum (t=-3.54) (see Table 3 and Figure 2).

An Association Study on the Cognitive Function and the Cerebral Grey Matter Volume of Patients with First-Episode Schizophrenia

During the Inflation event, a one-sample i-test revealed that the explosion risk level was positively associated with activity in the bilateral insula, while being negatively associated with activity in the left precentral gyrus and parietal, temporal, occipital, and cerebellar regions (see Table 2).

History of Suicide Attempt Is Associated with Reduced Medial Prefrontal Cortex Activity during Emotional Decision-Making among Men with Schizophrenia: An Exploratory fMRI Study

used the ReHo method to explore the brain activity characteristics of MDD patients in resting state; the results showed that the severity of anxiety was positively related to ReHo in the right insula; the degree of cognitive impairment is positively correlated with ReHo in the right frontal cortex and left anterior cingulate gyrus; late severity was positively associated with ReHo in the right posterior cingulate gyrus and the right insula; the severity of sleep disorders was positively correlated with ReHo in the dorsomedial anterior cingulate gyrus; and desperate severity is positively correlated with right ventral anterior cingulate gyrus and right inguinal reanimation [30].

Neural Basis of Depression Related to a Dominant Right Hemisphere: A Resting-State fMRI Study

The dentate gyrus is an anatomically and functionally well-characterized region of the mammalian hippocampal formation.

Synaptic Plasticity and Excitation-Inhibition Balance in the Dentate Gyrus: Insights from In Vivo Recordings in Neuroligin-1, Neuroligin-2, and Collybistin Knockouts

The handmade brain model showing several structures, such as (1) superior frontal gyrus; (2) middle frontal gyrus; (3) inferior frontal gyrus; (4) precentral gyrus; (5) postcentral gyrus; (6) superior parietal lobule; (7a) inferior parietal lobule--supramarginal gyrus; (7b) inferior parietal lobule angular gyrus; (8) superior temporal gyrus; (9) middle temporal gyrus and; (10) inferior temporal gyrus.

Simple and Low Cost Tridimensional Model of the Cerebral Hemisphere/Modelo Tridimensional Basico y de Bajo Costo del Hemisferio Cerebral