refinement

re·fine·ment

 (rĭ-fīn′mənt)

n.

1. The act of refining.

2. The result of refining; an improvement or elaboration.

3. The state or quality of being refined; cultivation, as in manners or taste.

4. A keen or precise phrasing; a subtle distinction.

American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fifth Edition. Copyright © 2016 by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. Published by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. All rights reserved.

refinement

(rɪˈfaɪnmənt)

n

1. the act of refining or the state of being refined

2. a fine or delicate point, distinction, or expression; a subtlety

3. fineness or precision of thought, expression, manners, etc; polish or cultivation

4. a device, change, adaptation, etc, designed to improve performance or increase efficiency

Collins English Dictionary – Complete and Unabridged, 12th Edition 2014 © HarperCollins Publishers 1991, 1994, 1998, 2000, 2003, 2006, 2007, 2009, 2011, 2014

re•fine•ment

(rɪˈfaɪn mənt)

n.

1. fineness or elegance of feeling, taste, manners, language, etc.

2. an instance of this.

3. the act or process of refining.

4. the quality or state of being refined.

5. a subtle point or distinction.

6. an improved form of something.

7. a detail or device added to improve something.

[1605–15]

Random House Kernerman Webster's College Dictionary, © 2010 K Dictionaries Ltd. Copyright 2005, 1997, 1991 by Random House, Inc. All rights reserved.

Thesaurus

Noun	1.	refinement - a highly developed state of perfection; having a flawless or impeccable quality; "they performed with great polish"; "I admired the exquisite refinement of his prose"; "almost an inspiration which gives to all work that finish which is almost art"--Joseph Conrad polish, finish, cultivation, culture flawlessness, ne plus ultra, perfection - the state of being without a flaw or defect
	2.	refinement - the result of improving something; "he described a refinement of this technique" elaboration betterment, improvement, advance - a change for the better; progress in development
	3.	refinement - the process of removing impurities (as from oil or metals or sugar etc.) refining, purification processing - preparing or putting through a prescribed procedure; "the processing of newly arrived immigrants"; "the processing of ore to obtain minerals" rectification - (chemistry) the process of refinement or purification of a substance by distillation
	4.	refinement - a subtle difference in meaning or opinion or attitude; "without understanding the finer nuances you can't enjoy the humor"; "don't argue about shades of meaning" nuance, subtlety, nicety, shade meaning, signification, import, significance - the message that is intended or expressed or signified; "what is the meaning of this sentence"; "the significance of a red traffic light"; "the signification of Chinese characters"; "the import of his announcement was ambiguous"
	5.	refinement - the quality of excellence in thought and manners and taste; "a man of intellectual refinement"; "he is remembered for his generosity and civilization" civilisation, civilization excellence - the quality of excelling; possessing good qualities in high degree

Based on WordNet 3.0, Farlex clipart collection. © 2003-2012 Princeton University, Farlex Inc.

refinement

noun

1. subtlety, nuance, nicety, fine point the refinements of the game

2. sophistication, finish, style, culture, taste, breeding, polish, grace, discrimination, courtesy, civilization, precision, elegance, delicacy, cultivation, finesse, politeness, good manners, civility, gentility, good breeding, graciousness, urbanity, fastidiousness, fineness, courtliness, politesse a girl who possessed both dignity and refinement

3. purification, processing, filtering, cleansing, clarification, distillation, rectification, rarefaction the refinement of crude oil

Collins Thesaurus of the English Language – Complete and Unabridged 2nd Edition. 2002 © HarperCollins Publishers 1995, 2002

refinement

noun

1. The act or process of removing physical impurities:

clarification, purification.

2. High style in quality, manner, or dress:

quality.

Informal: class.

3. Enlightenment and excellent taste resulting from intellectual development:

civilization, cultivation, culture.

4. The ability to distinguish, especially to recognize small differences or draw fine distinctions:

discrimination, selectiveness, selectivity.

The American Heritage® Roget's Thesaurus. Copyright © 2013, 2014 by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. Published by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. All rights reserved.

Translations

تَحَسُّن، صَقْلرقَّه، دَماثَه، تَهْذيب

kultivovanostzdokonalenízlepšení

eleganceforbedring

FeinheitVeredelungVerfeinerung

perfectionraffinement

finomításkifinomultság

betrumbótfágun

eleganzaperfezionamentoraffinatezzaraffinazione

forfinelse

kultivovanosť

geliştirmekibarlık

改进文雅

refinement

[rɪˈfaɪnmənt] N

1. [of person, language] → refinamiento m; [of manners] → educación f, finura f; [of style] → elegancia f, urbanidad f
a person of some refinement → una persona fina

2. (= improvement) → mejora f; (in machine) → perfeccionamiento m

3. (= subtle detail) [of language] → sutileza f
that is a refinement of cruelty → eso es ser más cruel todavía
with every possible refinement of cruelty → con las formas más refinadas de la crueldad

Collins Spanish Dictionary - Complete and Unabridged 8th Edition 2005 © William Collins Sons & Co. Ltd. 1971, 1988 © HarperCollins Publishers 1992, 1993, 1996, 1997, 2000, 2003, 2005

refinement

[rɪˈfaɪnmənt] n

[person, manner] → raffinement m

(= improvement) [theory, model, plan] → amélioration f

[oil, sugar] → raffinage m

Collins English/French Electronic Resource. © HarperCollins Publishers 2005

refinement

n

no pl (of metal, oil, sugar) → Raffination f, → Raffinierung f, → Reinigung f

no pl (of person, language, style) → Vornehmheit f, → Feinheit f; a person of evident refinement → ein offensichtlich kultivierter Mensch

(= improvement: in technique, machine etc) → Verfeinerung f, → Verbesserung f (→ in sth +gen)

Collins German Dictionary – Complete and Unabridged 7th Edition 2005. © William Collins Sons & Co. Ltd. 1980 © HarperCollins Publishers 1991, 1997, 1999, 2004, 2005, 2007

refinement

[rɪˈfaɪnmənt] n (of person, language) → raffinatezza, finezza; (in machine, system) → miglioramento

Collins Italian Dictionary 1st Edition © HarperCollins Publishers 1995

refine

(rəˈfain) verb

1. to make (a substance eg sugar) pure by taking out dirt, waste substances etc. Oil is refined before it is used. raffineer يُنَقِّي، يُكَرِّر пречиствам refinar čistit raffinieren raffinere διυλίζωrefinar puhastama تصفیه کردن؛ خالص کردن jalostaa raffiner לְזַקֵק निर्मल या परिष्कार करना pročistiti, rafinirati finomít mengolah hreinsa raffinare 精製する 정제하다 rafinuoti rafinēt; attīrīt menapis, menyuling raffinerenrense, raffinererafinować چڼل، نينول، تصفيه كول، پاكول، سوتره كول، ښه كول، پرمخ بيول، مكملول refinar a rafina очищать čistiť prečistiti prečistiti raffinera, förädla ทำให้บริสุทธิ์ arıtmak, rafine etmek 提煉 очищати, рафінувати صاف کرنا ltinh chế 提炼

2. to improve. We have refined our techniques considerably since the work began. verfyn يَصْقُل، يُحَسِّن подобрявам aperfeiçoar vylepšit verfeinern forbedre βελτιώνωperfeccionar, mejorar täiustama اصلاح کردن؛ سامان بخشیدن parantaa perfectionner לְשַפֵּר सुधारना usavršiti javít meningkatkan bæta, slípa, fága migliorare 改善する 세련되게 하다 (pa)tobulinti uzlabot memperbaiki verfijnenforbedre, raffinereudoskonalić تصفيه كول aperfeiçoar a per­fecţiona совершенствовать vylepšiť izboljšati (se) poboljšati förbättra ทำให้ดีขึ้น geliştirmek, ıslah etmek 改進 поліпшувати, удосконалювати نقاءص دور کرنا cải tiến 改进，提高

reˈfined adjective

(negative unrefined).

1. very polite; well-mannered; elegant. verfynde مُهَذَّب изискан refinado kultivovaný fein elegant εκλεπτυσμένος, εξευγενισμένος refinado peen با ادب hienokäytöksinen raffinéמעודן निर्मल uglađen, profinjen kifinomult sangat sopan fágaður, heflaður raffinato 洗練された 세련된 galantiškas galants; smalks beradab beschaafddannet, forfinet, raffinertwytworny با ادب refinado rafinat изысканный kultivovaný uglajen prefinjen förfinad, elegant ซึ่งสุภาพเรียบร้อย kibar 文雅的 витончений, вишуканий مہذب lịch sự 文雅的

2. having been refined. refined sugar. geraffineerde مُكَرَّر، مُصَفّى рафиниран refinado rafinovaný raffiniert raffineret επεξεργασμένος refinado puhastatud خالص jalostettu raffiné מְזוּקָק परिष्कृत, परिमार्जित rafiniran finom(ított) olahan hreinsaður raffinato 精製された 정제된 rafinuotas rafinēts gula halus geraffineerdrenset, raffinertrafinowany خالص refinado rafinat очищенный rafinovaný rafiniran rafinisan raffinerad, förädlad ซึ่งปราศจากสิ่งสกปรก arıtılmış, rafine edilmiş 精煉的 рафінований صاف đã qua tinh chế 精炼的

reˈfinement noun

1. good manners, good taste, polite speech etc. goeie maniere رقَّه، دَماثَه، تَهْذيب изисканост refinamento kultivovanost die Feinheit elegance ψυχική καλλιέργεια, ευγένειαrefinamiento peenus, rafineeritus تزکیه؛ پیراستگی hienostuneisuus raffinementעידון परिष्कार fino ponašanje, profinjenost kifinomultság kesopanan (sið)fágun raffinatezza 洗練 세련된 태도 galantiškumas, subtilumas galantums; izsmalcinātība berhemah beschavingdannelse, forfinelse wytworność پاكوالى، سوتره ګى، ښه والى (دذوق، احساساتو، سلوك)، سوچه توب، سپيڅلتوب، تهذيب، تصفيه، اصلاحى بدلون distinção rafinament изысканность kultivovanosť uglajenost prefinjenost förfining, elegans ความละเอียดปราณีต kibarlık 文雅 витонченість, вишуканість تہذیب sự tao nhã 文雅

2. (an) improvement. to make refinements. verbetering تَحَسُّن، صَقْل усъвършенстване aperfeiçoamento / melhoria zlepšení, zdokonalení die Verfeinerung forbedring βελτίωσηmejora, perfeccionamiento täiustamine بهسازی؛ اصلاح parannus perfectionnementשיפור सुधार pročišćenje, dotjeranost finomítás peningkatan betrumbót miglioria 改善 정제 patobulinimas uzlabojums memperelok verfijningforbedringudoskonalenie پاكوالى melhoria per­­fecţionare усовершенствование zlepšenie izboljšanje poboljšanje förbättring การพัฒนา geliştirme 改進 удосконалення اصلاح sự cải tiến 改进

reˈfinery – plural reˈfineries – noun

a place where sugar or oil etc is refined. an oil refinery. raffinadery مَعْمَل تَكْرير وتَصْفِيَه рафинерия refinaria rafinerie die Raffinerie raffinaderi; -raffinaderi διυλιστήριοrefinería rafineerimistehas پلایشگاه jalostamo raffinerie בֵּית זִיקוּק धातु इत्यादि साफ करने का स्थान या यन्त्र rafinerija finomító (üzem) pengolahan hreinsunarstöð raffineria 精製所 정제소 rafinavimo/perdirbimo gamykla rafinēšanas fabrika kilang penapis, kilang penyuling raffinaderijraffinerirafineria تصفيه خانه refinaria rafinărie рафинировочный завод rafinéria rafinerija rafinerija raffinaderi โรงกลั่น arıtma tesisi, rafineri 提煉廠 очисний завод; рафінадний завод تیل وغیرہ صاف کرنے کا کارخانہ nhà máy tinh chế 提炼厂

Kernerman English Multilingual Dictionary © 2006-2013 K Dictionaries Ltd.