When this research was conceived in January 2015,
indole and indazole carboxamide SCRAs, such as AKB48, 5F-AKB-48, and MDMB-CHMICA, were commonly encountered in the UK (6, 11, 12).
As already mentioned, a number of studies have highlighted the capacity of AhR to respond to indolyl metabolites, including indoxyl-3-sulfate, 6-formylindolo[3,2b]carbazole, kyneurenine, kynurenic acid, tryptamine, indole-3-acetate, and dietary
indoles (indole-3-carbinol and 3,3'-diindolylmethane from the Cruciferous vegetables), thus positioning the AhR as a candidate
indole receptor [11, 15, 43, 44].