depression

de·pres·sion

 (dĭ-prĕsh′ən)

n.

1.

a. The act of depressing.

b. The condition of being depressed.

2. An area that is sunk below its surroundings; a hollow.

3. The condition of feeling sad or despondent.

4. A mood disorder characterized by persistent sadness or inability to experience pleasure combined with other symptoms including poor concentration, indecisiveness, sleep problems, changes in appetite, and feelings of guilt, helplessness, and hopelessness. Also called clinical depression, major depressive disorder.

5. A lowering or reduction, as:

a. A reduction in physiological vigor or activity: a depression in respiration.

b. A lowering in amount, degree, or position: depression of stock prices.

6.

a. A period of drastic economic decline, characterized by decreasing aggregate output, falling prices, and rising unemployment.

b. A period of widespread poverty and high unemployment.

c. Depression See Great Depression.

7. Meteorology A region of low barometric pressure.

8. The angular distance below the horizontal plane through the point of observation.

9. Astronomy The angular distance of a celestial body below the horizon.

American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fifth Edition. Copyright © 2016 by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. Published by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. All rights reserved.

depression

(dɪˈprɛʃən)

n

1. the act of depressing or state of being depressed

2. a depressed or sunken place or area

3. (Psychiatry) a mental disorder characterized by extreme gloom, feelings of inadequacy, and inability to concentrate

4. (Pathology) pathol an abnormal lowering of the rate of any physiological activity or function, such as respiration

5. (Economics) an economic condition characterized by substantial and protracted unemployment, low output and investment, etc; slump

6. (Physical Geography) meteorol Also called: cyclone or low a large body of rotating and rising air below normal atmospheric pressure, which often brings rain

7. (Surveying) (esp in surveying and astronomy) the angular distance of an object, celestial body, etc, below the horizontal plane through the point of observation. Compare elevation¹¹

8. (Astronomy) (esp in surveying and astronomy) the angular distance of an object, celestial body, etc, below the horizontal plane through the point of observation. Compare elevation¹¹

---

Depression

(dɪˈprɛʃən)

n

(Historical Terms) the Depression the worldwide economic depression of the early 1930s, when there was mass unemployment. Also known as: the Great Depression or the Slump

Collins English Dictionary – Complete and Unabridged, 12th Edition 2014 © HarperCollins Publishers 1991, 1994, 1998, 2000, 2003, 2006, 2007, 2009, 2011, 2014

de•pres•sion

(dɪˈprɛʃ ən)

n.

1. the act of depressing.

2. the state of being depressed.

3. a depressed or sunken place or part; an area lower than the surrounding surface.

4. sadness; gloom; dejection.

5. Psychiatry. a condition of general emotional dejection and withdrawal; sadness greater and more prolonged than that warranted by any objective reason.

6. a low state of functional activity.

7. dullness or inactivity, as of trade.

8. a period during which business, employment, and stock-market values decline severely.

9. the Depression, the economic crisis and period of low business activity in the U.S. and other countries, roughly beginning with the stock market crash in October 1929 and continuing through most of the 1930s.

10. the angular distance of a celestial body below the horizon.

11. the angle between the line from an observer or surveying instrument to an object below either of them and a horizontal line.

12. an area surrounded by higher land, ordinarily having interior drainage and not conforming to the valley of a single stream.

13. an area of low atmospheric pressure.

[1350–1400; Middle English (< Anglo-French) < Medieval Latin, Late Latin]

Random House Kernerman Webster's College Dictionary, © 2010 K Dictionaries Ltd. Copyright 2005, 1997, 1991 by Random House, Inc. All rights reserved.

depression

1. A severe downturn in the trade cycle characterized by high levels of unemployment, low output and investment.

2. An area of low pressure where the winds are spiraling inward. Also known as a low.

Dictionary of Unfamiliar Words by Diagram Group Copyright © 2008 by Diagram Visual Information Limited

Thesaurus

Noun	1.	depression - a mental state characterized by a pessimistic sense of inadequacy and a despondent lack of activity mental condition, mental state, psychological condition, psychological state - (psychology) a mental condition in which the qualities of a state are relatively constant even though the state itself may be dynamic; "a manic state" melancholia - extreme depression characterized by tearful sadness and irrational fears blue devils, megrims, vapors, vapours, blues - a state of depression; "he had a bad case of the blues" blue funk, funk - a state of nervous depression; "he was in a funk" melancholy - a constitutional tendency to be gloomy and depressed slough of despond - (formal) extreme depression low spirits - a state of mild depression dejection - a state of melancholy depression elation - an exhilarating psychological state of pride and optimism; an absence of depression
	2.	depression - a long-term economic state characterized by unemployment and low prices and low levels of trade and investment economic crisis, slump crisis - an unstable situation of extreme danger or difficulty; "they went bankrupt during the economic crisis" economic condition - the condition of the economy
	3.	depression - a sunken or depressed geological formation natural depression basin - a natural depression in the surface of the land often with a lake at the bottom of it; "the basin of the Great Salt Lake" bed, bottom - a depression forming the ground under a body of water; "he searched for treasure on the ocean bed" crater - a bowl-shaped depression formed by the impact of a meteorite or bomb geological formation, formation - (geology) the geological features of the earth hollow, hole - a depression hollowed out of solid matter lowland - low level country sinkhole, swallow hole, sink - a depression in the ground communicating with a subterranean passage (especially in limestone) and formed by solution or by collapse of a cavern roof oceanic abyss, trench, deep - a long steep-sided depression in the ocean floor trough - a narrow depression (as in the earth or between ocean waves or in the ocean bed) vale, valley - a long depression in the surface of the land that usually contains a river
	4.	depression - sad feelings of gloom and inadequacy sadness, unhappiness - emotions experienced when not in a state of well-being demoralisation, demoralization - depression resulting from an undermining of your morale helplessness - a feeling of being unable to manage despondence, despondency, disconsolateness, heartsickness - feeling downcast and disheartened and hopeless oppressiveness, oppression - a feeling of being oppressed dysphoria - abnormal depression and discontent
	5.	Depression - a period during the 1930s when there was a worldwide economic depression and mass unemployment Great Depression
	6.	depression - an air mass of lower pressure; often brings precipitation; "a low moved in over night bringing sleet and snow" low air mass - a large body of air with uniform characteristics horizontally cyclone - (meteorology) rapid inward circulation of air masses about a low pressure center; circling counterclockwise in the northern hemisphere and clockwise in the southern
	7.	depression - a state of depression and anhedonia so severe as to require clinical intervention clinical depression, depressive disorder affective disorder, emotional disorder, emotional disturbance, major affective disorder - any mental disorder not caused by detectable organic abnormalities of the brain and in which a major disturbance of emotions is predominant agitated depression - a state of clinical depression in which the person exhibits irritability and restlessness anaclitic depression - severe and progressive depression in infants who lose their mother and do not get a suitable substitute dysthymia, dysthymic depression - mild chronic depression; "I thought she had just been in a bad mood for thirty years, but the doctor called it dysthymia" endogenous depression - a state of depression for which there is no apparent precipitating cause exogenous depression, reactive depression - an inappropriate state of depression that is precipitated by events in the person's life (to be distinguished from normal grief) major depressive episode - (psychiatry) a state of depression with all the classic symptoms (anhedonia and lethargy and sleep disturbance and despondency and morbid thoughts and feelings of worthlessness and sometimes attempted suicide) but with no known organic dysfunction neurotic depression - a term used for any state of depression that is not psychotic psychotic depression - a state of depression so severe that the person loses contact with reality and suffers a variety of functional impairments retarded depression - a state of clinical depression in which the individual is lethargic and slow to initiate action
	8.	depression - a concavity in a surface produced by pressing; "he left the impression of his fingers in the soft mud" imprint, impression dimple - a small natural hollow in the cheek or chin; "His dimple appeared whenever he smiled" concave shape, concavity, incurvation, incurvature - a shape that curves or bends inward groove, channel - a long narrow furrow cut either by a natural process (such as erosion) or by a tool (as e.g. a groove in a phonograph record) dimple - any slight depression in a surface; "there are approximately 336 dimples on a golf ball" dip - a depression in an otherwise level surface; "there was a dip in the road" incision, prick, scratch, dent, slit - a depression scratched or carved into a surface droop, sag - a shape that sags; "there was a sag in the chair seat" crinkle, wrinkle, furrow, crease, seam, line - a slight depression in the smoothness of a surface; "his face has many lines"; "ironing gets rid of most wrinkles" cranny, crevice, fissure, chap, crack - a long narrow depression in a surface
	9.	depression - angular distance below the horizon (especially of a celestial object) angular position - relation by which any position with respect to any other position is established
	10.	depression - pushing down; "depression of the space bar on the typewriter" push, pushing - the act of applying force in order to move something away; "he gave the door a hard push"; "the pushing is good exercise" mouse click, click - depression of a button on a computer mouse; "a click on the right button for example"

Based on WordNet 3.0, Farlex clipart collection. © 2003-2012 Princeton University, Farlex Inc.

depression

noun

1. despair, misery, sadness, dumps (informal), the blues, melancholy, unhappiness, hopelessness, despondency, the hump (Brit. informal), bleakness, melancholia, dejection, wretchedness, low spirits, gloominess, dolefulness, cheerlessness, downheartedness I slid into a depression and became morbidly fascinated with death.

2. recession, slump, economic decline, stagnation, inactivity, hard or bad times He never forgot the hardships he witnessed during the depression.

3. hollow, pit, dip, bowl, valley, sink, impression, dent, sag, cavity, excavation, indentation, dimple, concavity an area pockmarked by rainfilled depressions

Quotations
"It's a recession when your neighbour loses his job; it's a depression when you lose yours" [Harry S. Truman]

Collins Thesaurus of the English Language – Complete and Unabridged 2nd Edition. 2002 © HarperCollins Publishers 1995, 2002

depression

noun

1. An area sunk below its surroundings:

basin, concavity, dip, hollow, pit, sag, sink, sinkhole.

2. A feeling or spell of dismally low spirits:

blues, dejection, despondence, despondency, doldrums, dolefulness, downheartedness, dumps, dysphoria, funk, gloom, glumness, heavy-heartedness, melancholy, mope (used in plural), mournfulness, sadness, unhappiness.

3. A period of decreased business activity and high unemployment:

recession, slump.

The American Heritage® Roget's Thesaurus. Copyright © 2013, 2014 by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. Published by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. All rights reserved.

Translations

depressiegemoedsbekakkinglaagdruk

إنْخِفاض جَوّي، هُبوطحُزْنرُكود إقْتِصادي، كَسادكآبَه، غَم، إنْقِباضكساد

depresedůlekjamkakrizeproláklina

depressionfordybninghulningkriselavtryk

DepressionFlauteSenkungTiefdruckgebietWirtschaftsflaute

κατάθλιψη

depresióndepresión atmosféricarecesióncrisis

masennusmatalapainepainaumadepressiolama

dépressioncriseabattementcreuxdépression atmosphérique

depresija

alacsony légnyomásdepresszióüzleti pangás

dældgeîlægî, sjúklegt òunglyndilægîsamdráttur, kreppaþunglyndi

depressione

憂鬱

우울

depresija

depressie

depresjonlavkonjunkturlavtrykknedgangstidsenkning

depresja

depressão

депрессияуглублениевпадина

depresiatlaková níž

depresija

depressionlågtryck

ความหดหู่

depresyongöçükkrizalçak basınç merkezibunalım

sự chán nản

低气压凹陷抑郁抑郁症萧条

depression

[dɪˈpreʃən] N

1. (= dejection) → depresión f, abatimiento m

2. (Met) → depresión f

3. (Econ) → depresión f, crisis f inv (económica)
the Depression → la Depresión

4. (= hollow) (in surface) → depresión f; (in ground, road) → bache m, hoyo m

Collins Spanish Dictionary - Complete and Unabridged 8th Edition 2005 © William Collins Sons & Co. Ltd. 1971, 1988 © HarperCollins Publishers 1992, 1993, 1996, 1997, 2000, 2003, 2005

depression

[dɪˈprɛʃ^ən] n

(MEDICINE) → dépression f
to suffer from depression → souffrir de dépression

(ECONOMICS) (= slump) → dépression f

(METEOROLOGY) (= area of low pressure) → dépression f atmosphérique

(= hollow) → creux m

Collins English/French Electronic Resource. © HarperCollins Publishers 2005

depression

n

→ Depression f; (Med) → Depressionen pl

(of lever) → Herunter- or Niederdrücken nt; (of key, push button) → Drücken nt, → Betätigen nt, → Betätigung f

(in ground) → Vertiefung f, → Senke f, → Mulde f

(Met) → Tief(druckgebiet) nt; a deep depression → ein ausgedehntes Tief(druckgebiet)

(Econ) → Flaute f; (St Ex) → Baisse f; the Depression → die Weltwirtschaftskrise

Collins German Dictionary – Complete and Unabridged 7th Edition 2005. © William Collins Sons & Co. Ltd. 1980 © HarperCollins Publishers 1991, 1997, 1999, 2004, 2005, 2007

depression

[dɪˈprɛʃ/ən] n (gen) (Med, Econ, Met) → depressione f
the economy is in a state of depression → è in atto una crisi economica
the Depression → la Grande depressione

Collins Italian Dictionary 1st Edition © HarperCollins Publishers 1995

depress

(diˈpres) verb

1. to make sad or gloomy. I am always depressed by wet weather. neerslagtig maak, ontmoedig يُسَبِّب الكآبَه гнетя deprimir sklíčit deprimieren deprimere; gøre deprimeret; gøre i dårligt humør καταθλίβω, κάνω κπ. να μελαγχολήσει deprimir, desanimar, abatir masendama افسرده کردن؛ غمگین کردن masentaa déprimer לְדַכֵּא दबाना rastužiti, deprimirati elcsüggeszt membuat sedih hryggja deprimere 意気消沈させる 우울하게 하다 (pri)slėgti nomākt; nospiest membuat sedih deprimeren gjøre melankolsk/deprimert przygnębiać ټيټول، لږول، كښيكښل، له بيې غور ځول، زړه ور تنګول، خوابدى كول، سپكول، تا بع كول (په مو سيقى كې) داواز غوره كول deprimir a de­pri­ma приводить в уныние skľúčiť potreti deprimirati göra deprimerad (nedstämd) ทำให้เศร้าใจ canını sıkmak, keyfini kaçırmak 使沮喪 пригноблювати; засмучувати افسردہ کرنا làm buồn rầu 使沮丧

2. to make less active. This drug depresses the action of the heart. verlaag يُقَلِّل نَشاط، يُخْفِض القُوَّه снишавам abrandar mírnit, snížit einschränken svække μειώνω, κάνω κπ. ή κτ. λιγότερο ενεργητικό reducir, disminuir pärssima کم کردن؛ کاهش دادن hidastaa déprimer לְדַכֵּא उदास करना umanjiti lenyom, pangást idéz elő menurunkan draga úr ridurre 弱める 약하게 하다 slopinti vājināt; mazināt menurunkan verlagenminske, senkeosłabiać ټيټول abrandar a scădea подавлять mierniť oslabiti oslabiti hämma ทำให้หดหู่ใจ zayıflatmak 抑制 знижувати; ослабляти مند کرنا làm cho kém hoạt động hơn 抑制

deˈpressed adjective

1. sad or unhappy. The news made me very depressed. neerslagtig, terneergedruk كَئيب، حَزين унил deprimido deprimovaný deprimiert deprimeret; i dårligt humør θλιμμένοςdeprimido, desanimado, abatido masendunud افسرده؛ محزون masentunut dépriméמדוכא दुखी tužan lehangolt sedih dapur depresso 元気のない 우울한 prislėgtas nomākts; nospiests tidak gembira gedeprimeerdnedtrykt, deprimertprzygnębiony غمجن deprimido deprimat подавленный skľúčený potrt depresivan deprimerad, nedstämd เศร้าสลด üzüntülü, canı sıkkın 意氣沮喪的 засмучений افسردگی کا شکار chán nản 意气沮丧的

2. made less active. the depressed state of the stock market. onderdrukte, verlaagde يُخَفِّض الأسْعار في السوق намален depreciado oslabený verringert, flau svækket συμπιεσμένος, μη ενεργητικός paralizado surutises olev تنزل یافته؛ دچار رکود hidastunut languissant בִּקשָׁיִים मन्द करना smanjiti aktivnost lanyha melesukan sem samdráttur hefur orðið í ridotto, diminuito 不景気の (힘이) 약화된 prislopintas novājināts melesukan slappresset; kriserammetosłabiony كښته تللى depreciado inactiv ослабленный oslabený opešan oslabljen lamslagen ซึ่งตกต่ำลง durgun 疲軟的 ослаблений مندی لانا đình trệ 疲软的

deˈpressing adjective

tending to make one sad or gloomy. What a depressing piece of news! neerdrukkende, ontmoedigende مُسَبِّب للكآبَه، مُثبِط للعَزيمَه، مُكَدِّر тягостен deprimente deprimující bedrückend deprimerende καταθλιπτικόςdeprimente masendav غمگین کننده masentava déprimantמדכא अवसादकारी depresivan lehangoló menyedihkan niðurdrepandi deprimente 気のめいるような 우울하게 하는 slegiantis nomācošs menyebabkan kesedihan deprimerendnedslående, deprimerendeprzygnębiający غمجن کوونکی deprimente deprimant гнетущий depresívny moreč depresivan deprimerande, nedslående ทำให้โศกเศร้า karartıcı, kasvet verici 使人沮喪的 гнітючий; сумний حوصلہ پست کرنے والا làm chán nản 使人沮丧的

deˈpression (-ʃən) noun

1. a state of sadness and low spirits. She was treated by the doctor for depression. depressie, neerslagtigheid كآبَه، غَم، إنْقِباض униние depressão deprese die Depression depression; nedtrykthed κατάθλιψηdepresión kurvameelsus افسردگی masennus dépressionדיכאון अवसाद depresija depresszió tekanan jiwa geðlægð, sjúklegt þunglyndi depressione 憂うつ 우울 depresija depresija tekanan jiwa depressiedepresjon, nedtrykthet przygnębienie, depresja ټيټول، لږول، كښيكښل، له بيې غورځول، زړه ور تنګول، خوابدى كول، سپكول، تابع كول (په مو سيقى كې) داواز غوره كول depressão depresie депрессия depresia depresija depresija depression ความหดหู่ bunalım, depresyon 憂鬱症 депресія; пригнічений стан انتہائی افسردگی sự trầm cảm 抑郁症

2. lack of activity in trade. the depression of the 1930s. depressie, slapte in sake رُكود إقْتِصادي، كَساد застой depressão krize die (wirtschafts-)Flaute depression; krise ύφεση, οικονομική κρίση depresión, recesión, crisis surutis کسادی؛ رکود lama criseשפל मन्दी kriza (üzleti) pangás depresi samdráttur, kreppa depressione, crisi 不景気 불경기 ekonominė krizė depresija kemelesetan malaisedepresjon, lavkonjunkturdepresja, zastój ټيټوالى، تنزل، ځپنه، زمولونه، مړاويتوب، خپګان، (په اقتصادكې) دفعاليت كموالى، بحران كساد depressão criză депрессия kríza kriza depresija depression, lågkonjunktur ความตกต่ำทางเศรษฐกิจ kriz, bunalım 蕭條 застій; депресія مالی انحطاط tình trạng suy thoái 萧条

3. an area of low pressure in the atmosphere. The bad weather is caused by a depression. daling, lae druk إنْخِفاض جَوّي، هُبوط депресия depressão tlaková níže das Tiefdruckgebiet lavtryk βαρομετρική ύφεση depresión atmosférica madalrõhkkond بخش فروبار؛ بخشی که کاهش فشار بارومتری آن کم است matalapaine dépression שֶׁקָע בָּרוֹמֶטרִי अवनमन pad tlaka alacsony légnyomás tekanan udara rendah lægð depressione 低気圧 저기압 slėgimo kritimas (atmosfēras spiediena) pazemināšanās tekanan rendah lagedrukgebiedlavtrykkniż هغه سيمه چې هلته فشار كم وې depressão depre­siune (atmosferică) циклон tlaková níž padec (zračnega pritiska) pad pritiska lågtryck บริเวณความกดอากาศต่ำ alçak basınç merkezi 低氣壓 пониження місцевості, низина فضا میں کم دباؤ کا مرکز vùng áp thấp 低气压

4. a hollow. holte, insinking مُنْخَفَض، غَوْر вдлъбнатина depressão jamka, důlek, proláklina die Senkung hulning; fordybning; sænkning βαθούλωμαdepresión lohk فرورفتگی؛ گودال painauma creuxשקע, גומה धसकन uleknina horpadás cekungan dæld depressione くぼ地 오목한 곳 įduba ieplaka lubang laagtefordypning, senkning wgłębienie ګوګ، مينځ خالۍ depressão depresiune впадина priehlbina votlina, jama ulegnuće sänka, fördjupning รอยบุ๋ม göçük, çukur 凹陷 западина نشیب nơi lõm sâu trên bề mặt cái gì 凹陷

Kernerman English Multilingual Dictionary © 2006-2013 K Dictionaries Ltd.

depression

→ حُزْن deprese depression Depression κατάθλιψη depresión masennus dépression depresija depressione 憂鬱 우울 depressie depresjon depresja depressão депрессия depression ความหดหู่ depresyon sự chán nản 抑郁

Multilingual Translator © HarperCollins Publishers 2009

de·pres·sion

n. depresión.

1. sensación de tristeza o melancolía acompañada de apatía y estados de abatimiento;

2. cavidad.

English-Spanish Medical Dictionary © Farlex 2012

depression

n depresión f tristeza profunda; postpartum — depresión posparto or postparto

English-Spanish/Spanish-English Medical Dictionary Copyright © 2006 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.