cy·to·kine

(sī′tə-kīn′)

Any of various proteins, such as the interleukins and lymphokines, that are released by cells of the immune system and act in intercellular communication, especially in regulating inflammation and the immune response.

[cyto- + Greek kīnein, to move; see kinin.]

American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fifth Edition. Copyright © 2016 by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. Published by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. All rights reserved.

cytokine

(ˈsaɪtəʊˌkaɪn)

(Biochemistry) any of various proteins, secreted by cells, that carry signals to neighbouring cells. Cytokines include interferon

Collins English Dictionary – Complete and Unabridged, 12th Edition 2014 © HarperCollins Publishers 1991, 1994, 1998, 2000, 2003, 2006, 2007, 2009, 2011, 2014

ThesaurusAntonymsRelated WordsSynonymsLegend:

Noun

cytokine - any of various protein molecules secreted by cells of the immune system that serve to regulate the immune system

protein - any of a large group of nitrogenous organic compounds that are essential constituents of living cells; consist of polymers of amino acids; essential in the diet of animals for growth and for repair of tissues; can be obtained from meat and eggs and milk and legumes; "a diet high in protein"

TNF, tumor necrosis factor, tumour necrosis factor - a proinflammatory cytokine that is produced by white blood cells (monocytes and macrophages); has an antineoplastic effect but causes inflammation (as in rheumatoid arthritis)

lymphokine - a cytokine secreted by helper T cells in response to stimulation by antigens and that acts on other cells of the immune system (as by activating macrophages)

Translations

citocina

Mentioned in

References in periodicals archive

Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay for Detection of Serum Cytokines and H.

Proinflammatory Cytokine IL-17 Shows a Significant Association with Helicobacter pylori Infection and Disease Severity

The roles of the proinflammatory cytokines of the inner ear after the noise exposure have been enlightened in some studies [6-8].

Changes in Proinflammatory Cytokines in the Cochlea in Relation to Hearing Thresholds in Noise-Exposed Rats

The company's lead development candidate, BNZ-1, is a PEGylated peptide that functions as a selective and simultaneous inhibitor of cytokines IL-2, IL-9, and IL-15.

Bioniz Therapeutics Provides Results from Multi-Cytokine Inhibitor BNZ-1 Clinical Study

(1) The immune response to infection is a complex process, involving various types of cells and production of a cascade of cytokines, leading to cell damage and organ dysfunction.

T helper type cytokines in sepsis: time-shared variance and correlation with organ dysfunction and hospital mortality

Furthermore, the reduction of caloric intake improves immune response and antioxidant activity, reduces lipid accumulation in liver, suppresses pro-inflammatory cytokines, modulates energy balance, and extends lifespan in animal models (4-6).

Interleukin-12 as a biomarker of the beneficial effects of food restriction in mice receiving high fat diet or high carbohydrate diet

The immune system produces both proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines.

The powerful virus inflammatory response

When rheumatoid arthritis develops, cells in the joints produce inflammatory proteins called cytokines. The release of cytokines signals neutrophils to enter the joints.

Researchers develop neutrophil 'nanosponges' to cure arthritis

Cytokines: From Basic Mechanisms of Cellular Control to New Therapeutics

Different heart failure models indicate the roles of cytokines, as major actors in different immune mechanisms, in the aforementioned etiologies leading to CHF (2-4).

Interleukin-2 and Interferon-Camma Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in Iranian Patients with Chronic Heart Failure