tri·al

(trī′əl, trīl)

1. Law

a. A proceeding in which opposing parties in a dispute present evidence and make arguments on the application of the law before a judge or jury: The case is expected to go to trial.

b. An instance of such a proceeding: the trial of Socrates.

a. The act or process of testing, trying, or putting to the proof: a trial of one's faith.

b. An instance of such testing, especially as part of a series of tests or experiments: a clinical trial of a drug.

3. An effort or attempt: succeeded on the third trial.

4. A state of pain or anguish that tests patience, endurance, or belief: "the fiery trial through which we pass" (Abraham Lincoln).

5. A trying, troublesome, or annoying person or thing: The child was a trial to his parents.

6. A preliminary competition or test to determine qualifications, as in a sport.

adj.

1. Of, relating to, or used in a trial.

2. Attempted or advanced on a provisional or experimental basis: a married couple on a trial separation.

3. Made or done in the course of a trial or test.

Idioms:

on trial

In the process of being tried, as in a court of law.

trial by fire

A test of one's abilities, especially the ability to perform well under pressure.

[Middle English triall, a testing, from Anglo-Norman trial, from trier, to pick out, try, from Old French trier, to pick out, separate out; see try.]

Synonyms: trial, affliction, crucible, ordeal, tribulation
These nouns denote distress or suffering that severely tests resiliency and character: no consolation in their hour of trial; the affliction of a bereaved family; the crucible of revolution; the ordeal of being an innocent murder suspect; a time of relentless tribulation. See Also Synonyms at burden.

American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fifth Edition. Copyright © 2016 by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. Published by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. All rights reserved.

trial

(ˈtraɪəl; traɪl)

a. the act or an instance of trying or proving; test or experiment

b. (as modifier): a trial run.

2. (Law) law

a. the judicial examination of the issues in a civil or criminal cause by a competent tribunal and the determination of these issues in accordance with the law of the land

b. the determination of an accused person's guilt or innocence after hearing evidence for the prosecution and for the accused and the judicial examination of the issues involved

c. (as modifier): trial proceedings.

3. an effort or attempt to do something: we had three trials at the climb.

4. trouble or grief

5. an annoying or frustrating person or thing

6. (often plural) a competition for individuals: sheepdog trials.

7. (Individual Sports, other than specified) a motorcycling competition in which the skills of the riders are tested over rough ground

8. (Ceramics) ceramics a piece of sample material used for testing the heat of a kiln and its effects

9. (Law) undergoing trial, esp before a court of law

10. being tested, as before a commitment to purchase

vb, trials, trialling or trialled

(tr) to test or make experimental use of (something): the idea has been trialled in several schools.

[C16: from Anglo-French, from trier to try]

ˈtrialling n

trial

(ˈtraɪəl)

1. (Linguistics) a grammatical number occurring in some languages for words in contexts where exactly three of their referents are described or referred to

2. (Linguistics) (modifier) relating to or inflected for this number

[C19: from tri- + -al¹]

Collins English Dictionary – Complete and Unabridged, 12th Edition 2014 © HarperCollins Publishers 1991, 1994, 1998, 2000, 2003, 2006, 2007, 2009, 2011, 2014

tri•al

(ˈtraɪ əl, traɪl)

n.

a. the examination of a cause before a court of law, often involving issues both of law and of fact.

b. the use of due process to determine a person's guilt or innocence.

2. the act of trying, testing, or putting to the proof.

3. an attempt or effort to do something.

4. a tentative or experimental action in order to ascertain results; experiment.

5. the state or position of a person or thing being tried or tested.

6. subjection to suffering or grief; distress.

7. an affliction or trouble.

8. a troublesome, wearying, or annoying thing or person.

adj.

9. of, pertaining to, or employed in a trial.

10. done or made by way of trial, proof, or experiment.

11. used in or for testing, experimenting, sampling, etc.

[1520–30; try + -al²]

tri•al

(ˈtraɪ əl)
adj.

1. of or belonging to a grammatical category of number, as in some Papuan and Austronesian languages, used to indicate that a word denotes three persons or things.

2. trial number.

3. a word or other form in the trial.

[1885–90; tri- + (du) al]

trial

An attempt to jump or throw; also qualifying rounds for inclusion in, for example, an Olympic team.

ThesaurusAntonymsRelated WordsSynonymsLegend:

Noun	1.	trial - the act of testing something; "in the experimental trials the amount of carbon was measured separately"; "he called each flip of the coin a new trial" run, test attempt, effort, try, endeavor, endeavour - earnest and conscientious activity intended to do or accomplish something; "made an effort to cover all the reading material"; "wished him luck in his endeavor"; "she gave it a good try" assay - a quantitative or qualitative test of a substance (especially an ore or a drug) to determine its components; frequently used to test for the presence or concentration of infectious agents or antibodies etc. clinical test, clinical trial - a rigorously controlled test of a new drug or a new invasive medical device on human subjects; in the United States it is conducted under the direction of the FDA before being made available for general clinical use double blind - a test procedure in which the identity of those receiving the intervention is concealed from both the administrators and the subjects until after the test is completed; designed to reduce or eliminate bias in the results preclinical phase, preclinical test, preclinical trial - a laboratory test of a new drug or a new invasive medical device on animal subjects; conducted to gather evidence justifying a clinical trial audition, tryout - a test of the suitability of a performer field trial - a test of young hunting dogs to determine their skill in pointing and retrieving trying on, try-on, fitting - putting clothes on to see whether they fit Ministry of Transportation test, MOT test, MOT - a compulsory annual test of older motor vehicles for safety and exhaust fumes pilot program, pilot project - activity planned as a test or trial; "they funded a pilot project in six states" Snellen test - a test of visual acuity using a Snellen chart
	2.	trial - trying something to find out about it; "a sample for ten days free trial"; "a trial of progesterone failed to relieve the pain" test, trial run, tryout experimentation, experiment - the testing of an idea; "it was an experiment in living"; "not all experimentation is done in laboratories" field test, field trial - a test of the performance of some new product under the conditions in which it will be used alpha test - (computer science) a first test of an experimental product (such as computer software) carried out by the developer beta test - (computer science) a second test of an experimental product (such as computer software) carried out by an outside organization road test - a test to insure that a vehicle is roadworthy trial balloon - a test of public opinion
	3.	trial - the act of undergoing testing; "he survived the great test of battle"; "candidates must compete in a trial of skill" test attempt, effort, try, endeavor, endeavour - earnest and conscientious activity intended to do or accomplish something; "made an effort to cover all the reading material"; "wished him luck in his endeavor"; "she gave it a good try"
	4.	trial - (law) the determination of a person's innocence or guilt by due process of law; "he had a fair trial and the jury found him guilty"; "most of these complaints are settled before they go to trial" legal proceeding, proceeding, proceedings - (law) the institution of a sequence of steps by which legal judgments are invoked court-martial - a trial that is conducted by a military court trial by ordeal, ordeal - a primitive method of determining a person's guilt or innocence by subjecting the accused person to dangerous or painful tests believed to be under divine control; escape was usually taken as a sign of innocence Scopes trial - a highly publicized trial in 1925 when John Thomas Scopes violated a Tennessee state law by teaching evolution in high school; Scopes was prosecuted by William Jennings Bryan and defended by Clarence Darrow; Scopes was convicted but the verdict was later reversed show trial - a trial held for show; the guilt of the accused person has been decided in advance plea - an answer indicating why a suit should be dismissed criminal prosecution, prosecution - the institution and conduct of legal proceedings against a defendant for criminal behavior demurrer, denial, defence, defense - a defendant's answer or plea denying the truth of the charges against him; "he gave evidence for the defense" mistrial - a trial that is invalid or inconclusive retrial - a new trial in which issues already litigated and to which the court has already rendered a verdict or decision are reexamined by the same court; occurs when the initial trial is found to have been improper or unfair due to procedural errors law, jurisprudence - the collection of rules imposed by authority; "civilization presupposes respect for the law"; "the great problem for jurisprudence to allow freedom while enforcing order"
	5.	trial - (sports) a preliminary competition to determine qualifications; "the trials for the semifinals began yesterday" athletics, sport - an active diversion requiring physical exertion and competition contest, competition - an occasion on which a winner is selected from among two or more contestants
	6.	trial - an annoying or frustrating or catastrophic event; "his mother-in-law's visits were a great trial for him"; "life is full of tribulations"; "a visitation of the plague" tribulation, visitation affliction - a cause of great suffering and distress fire - a severe trial; "he went through fire and damnation"

trial

noun

1. (Law) hearing, case, court case, inquiry, contest, tribunal, lawsuit, appeal, litigation, industrial tribunal, court martial, legal proceedings, judicial proceedings, judicial examination New evidence showed that he lied at the trial

2. test, testing, experiment, evaluation, check, examination, audition, assay, dry run (informal), assessment, proof, probation, appraisal, try-out, test-run, pilot study, dummy run They have been treated with drugs in clinical trials.

3. hardship, suffering, trouble, pain, load, burden, distress, grief, misery, ordeal, hard times, woe, unhappiness, adversity, affliction, tribulation, wretchedness, vexation, cross to bear the trials of adolescence

4. nuisance, drag (informal), bother, plague (informal), pest, irritation, hassle (informal), bane, pain in the neck (informal), pain in the arse (taboo informal), vexation, thorn in your flesh or side The whole affair has been a terrible trial for us all.

adjective

1. experimental, probationary, testing, pilot, provisional, exploratory a trial period

verb

1. test, experiment with, try out, put to the test, put through its paces, carry out trials on The drug is being trialled at a Brisbane hospital.

Collins Thesaurus of the English Language – Complete and Unabridged 2nd Edition. 2002 © HarperCollins Publishers 1995, 2002

trial

noun

1. The examination and deciding upon evidence, charges, and claims in court:

hearing.

2. A procedure that ascertains effectiveness, value, proper function, or other quality:

assay, essay, proof, test, tryout.

3. An operation employed to resolve an uncertainty:

experiment, experimentation, test.

4. A trying to do or make something:

attempt, crack, effort, endeavor, essay, go, offer, stab, try.

Informal: shot.

Slang: take.

Archaic: assay.

5. A state of pain or anguish that tests one's resiliency and character:

crucible, ordeal, tribulation, visitation.

6. Something hard to bear physically or emotionally:

affliction, burden, cross, tribulation.

7. One that makes another totally miserable by causing sharp pain and irritation:

thorn.

Informal: pain.

Idioms: pain in the neck, thorn in the flesh.

adjective

Constituting a tentative model for future experiment or development:

experimental, pilot, test.

Translations

إخْتِبارمُحَاكَمَةمُحاكَمَهمِحْنَه

изпитаниеизпробванеопитпроба

zkouškapřelíčeníprocessoudní processtarost

retssagprøveprøvekørselprøvelse

Prozeß Prüfung Versuch Sorge Strapaze

δοκιμή δίκη δοκιμασία μπελάς προβάρισμα

juicio proceso prueba ensayo experimento

oikeudenkäyntikoettelemus

procès essai jugement affliction crève-cœur

suđenje

baikellemetlenségnehézségpróbatárgyalás

raun, mæîaréttarhaldreynsla, prófun

processo prova esperimento essere processato gara

裁判

재판

bandomasteisiamas

izmēģinājumsnastanedienaspārbaudetiesa

rechtzaak

kraftprøve rettslig behandling rettssak

proces

julgamento processo prova provação ensaio

испытание

poskusna dobapreskussodna razprava

försök

การไต่สวน

duruşma mahkemesınamatecrübe test

phiên tòa

审判审理考验讨厌的人或物试验

trial

[ˈtraɪəl]

(LAW) → procès m
to await trial for sth
He was awaiting trial for murder → Il allait être jugé pour meurtre.
to be on trial (LAW) → passer en jugement
to stand trial, to go on trial → passer en jugement
to be sent for trial → être traduit(e) en justice
trial by jury → jugement m par jury

(= test) [machine, vehicle, new product, system] → essai m; [new drug] → test m
to have sth on trial [+ machine, product, vehicle] → avoir qch à l'essai
by trial and error → par tâtonnements

[employee] → essai m
to be on trial (for job) → être à l'essai

(= hardship) → épreuve f
the trials of sth → les vicissitudes de qch trials

npl

(SPORT) (= try-out) → match m de sélection

(= show) horse trials → concours m hippique
sheepdog trials → concours m de chiens de berger

modif

(LAW) [jury, date, hearing, verdict] → du procès

[offer, scheme, subscription] → d'essai

(SPORT) [match, game] → de sélectiontrial balance n (COMMERCE) → balance f de vérificationtrial basis n
on a trial basis → à titre d'essaitrial judge n → juge mf du procèstrial period n → période f d'essaitrial run n

[machine, vehicle, service] → essai m

(for performance, speech) → galop m d'essaitrial separation n → séparation f à l'essai

trial

(Jur) → (Gerichts)verfahren nt, → Prozess m; (= actual hearing) → (Gerichts)verhandlung f; to be on trial → angeklagt sein, unter Anklage stehen; he goes on trial tomorrow → seine Verhandlung ist morgen; to be on trial for theft → des Diebstahls angeklagt sein, wegen Diebstahls unter Anklage stehen; to be on trial for one’s life → wegen eines mit Todesstrafe bedrohten Verbrechens angeklagt sein; to stand trial (for something) → (wegen etw) vor Gericht stehen; at the trial → bei or während der Verhandlung; to bring somebody to trial → jdn vor Gericht stellen, jdm den Prozess machen; the case comes up for trial next month → der Fall wird nächsten Monat verhandelt; trial by jury → Schwurgerichtsverfahren nt; trial by television/the media (fig) → Vorverurteilung f → durch das Fernsehen/die Medien

(= test) → Versuch m, → Probe f, → Erprobung f; trials (of machine, aeroplane) → Test(s) m(pl), → (Über)prüfung f; (Sport) → Qualifikationsspiel nt; horse trials → Querfeldeinrennen nt; to give something a trial → etw ausprobieren; the manager has promised to give me a trial as a clerk → der Betriebsleiter hat versprochen, mir eine Chance als Büroangestellter zu geben; to take somebody/something on trial → jdn/etw zur Probe nehmen, jdn/etw probeweise nehmen; to put somebody/something to the trial → jdn/etw testen or auf die Probe stellen; to be on trial (new product etc) → getestet werden; the new clerk is on trial → der neue Büroangestellte ist auf Probe eingestellt; trial of strength → Kraftprobe f; by trial and error → durch Ausprobieren; a system of trial and error → ein System der empirischen Lösung

(= hardship) → Widrigkeit f, → Unannehmlichkeit f; (= nuisance) → Plage f, → Problem nt → (to für); he’s a trial to his mother → er macht seiner Mutter sehr viel Kummer; trials and tribulations → Aufregungen pl, → Schwierigkeiten pl, → Drangsale pl (liter)

trial

trial-and-error method

n → Trial-and-Error-Methode f, → empirische Methode

trial balance

n → Saldenbilanz f, → Probebilanz f

trial basis

n to employ somebody on a trial → jdn auf Probe einstellen

trial flight

n → Testflug m

trial judge

n → Richter(in) m(f) → der ersten Instanz, Hauptverhandlungsrichter(in) m(f)

trial lawyer

n (US Jur) → Prozessanwalt m, → Prozessanwältin f

trial marriage

n → Ehe f → auf Probe

trial offer

n → Einführungsangebot nt

trial order

n → Probeauftrag m

trial package

n → Probepackung f

trial period

n (for people) → Probezeit f; (for goods) Zeit, die man etw zur Probe oder Prüfung hat

trial program

n (Comput) → Evaluationsprogramm nt

trial run

n → Generalprobe f; (with car etc) → Versuchsfahrt f, → Probefahrt f; (of machine) → Probelauf m; give the new method a trial → probieren Sie diese neue Methode einmal aus or durch

Collins German Dictionary – Complete and Unabridged 7th Edition 2005. © William Collins Sons & Co. Ltd. 1980 © HarperCollins Publishers 1991, 1997, 1999, 2004, 2005, 2007

trial

[ˈtraɪ/əl]

1. n

a. (gen) → giudizio; (proceedings) → processo
trial by jury → processo penale con giuria
to be on trial (for a crime) → essere sotto processo (per un reato)
to bring sb to trial (for a crime) → portare qn in giudizio (per un reato)
to go on trial, to stand trial → essere processato/a
to be sent for trial → essere rinviato/a a giudizio

b. (test, gen) → prova; (of drugs) → sperimentazione f; (of machine) → collaudo trials npl (Athletics) → prove fpl di qualificazione (Ftbl) → prova di selezione
horse trials → concorso ippico
a trial of strength → una prova di forza
by trial and error → per tentativi
to be on trial (drug) → essere in via di sperimentazione (machine) → essere al collaudo
to give sb a trial (for job) → far fare una prova a qn

c. (hardship) → prova, difficoltà f inv; (worry) → cruccio
it was a great trial → è stata una dura prova
that child is a great trial to them → quel bambino è una continua preoccupazione per loro
the trials and tribulations of life → le tribolazioni della vita

2. adj (flight, order, period) → di prova
trial offer → offerta di lancio
on a trial basis → in prova

trial

(ˈtraiəl) noun

1. an act of testing or trying; a test. Give the new car a trial; The disaster was a trial of his courage.

2. a legal process by which a person is judged in a court of law. Their trial will be held next week.

3. a (source of) trouble or anxiety. My son is a great trial (to me).

trial run

a rehearsal, first test etc of anything, eg a play, car, piece of machinery etc.

on trial

1. the subject of a legal action in court. She's on trial for murder.

2. undergoing tests or examination. We've had a new television installed, but it's only on trial.

trial and error

the trying of various methods, alternatives etc until the right one happens to appear or be found. They didn't know how to put in a central-heating system, but they managed it by trial and error.

trial

→ مُحَاكَمَة soudní proces retssag Gerichtsverfahren δίκη juicio oikeudenkäynti procès suđenje processo 裁判 재판 rechtzaak rettssak proces julgamento испытание försök การไต่สวน duruşma phiên tòa 审理

tri·al

n. prueba, ensayo;

___ treatment → tratamiento de ___;

clinical ___ -s → estudios clínicos.

trial

n ensayo, prueba; clinical — ensayo clínico; — and error ensayo y error, prueba y error